Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Indiana University School of Medicine Medical Scientist Training Program, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Feb 1;219:108498. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108498. Epub 2020 Dec 31.
Family history (FH) of substance use disorders (SUDs) is known to elevate SUD risk in offspring. However, the influence of FH SUDs has been confounded by the effect of externalizing psychopathologies in the addiction risk neuroimaging literature. Thus, the current study aimed to assess the association between parental SUDs and offspring functional connectivity in samples matched for psychopathology and demographics.
Ninety 11-12-year-old participants with externalizing disorders were included in the study (48 FH+, 42 FH-). We conducted independent component analyses (ICA) and seed-based analyses (orbitofrontal cortex; OFC, nucleus accumbens (NAcc), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) with resting state data.
FH+ adolescents showed stronger functional connectivity between the right lateral OFC seed and anterior cingulate cortex compared to FH- adolescents (p < 0.05, corrected). Compared to FH-, FH+ adolescents showed stronger negative functional connectivity between the left lateral OFC seed and right postcentral gyrus and between the left NAcc seed and right middle occipital gyrus (p < 0.05, corrected). Poorer emotion regulation was associated with more negative connectivity between right occipital/left NAcc among FH+ adolescents based on the seed-based analysis. FH- adolescents had stronger negative functional connectivity between ventral attention/salience networks and dorsal attention/visuospatial networks in the ICA.
Both analytic methods found group differences in functional connectivity between brain regions associated with executive functioning and regions associated with sensory input (e.g., postcentral gyrus, occipital regions). We speculate that families densely loaded for SUD may confer risk by altered neurocircuitry that is associated with emotion regulation and valuation of external stimuli beyond what would be explained by externalizing psychopathology alone.
已知物质使用障碍（SUD）家族史会增加后代的 SUD 风险。然而，在成瘾风险神经影像学文献中，外显精神病理学的影响使 FH SUD 的影响变得复杂。因此，本研究旨在评估父母 SUD 与外显精神病理学和人口统计学匹配的样本中后代功能连接之间的关联。
本研究纳入了 90 名 11-12 岁患有外显障碍的参与者（48 名 FH+，42 名 FH-）。我们使用静息态数据进行独立成分分析（ICA）和种子分析（眶额皮层；OFC、伏隔核（NAcc）、背外侧前额叶皮层）。
与 FH-青少年相比，FH+青少年右侧外侧 OFC 种子与前扣带皮层之间的功能连接更强（p<0.05，校正）。与 FH-相比，FH+青少年的左侧外侧 OFC 种子与右侧后中央回之间以及左侧 NAcc 种子与右侧中枕叶之间的负功能连接更强（p<0.05，校正）。基于种子分析，FH+青少年的情绪调节能力越差，右侧枕叶/左侧 NAcc 之间的负连接越多。在 ICA 中，FH-青少年的腹侧注意/突显网络与背侧注意/视空间网络之间的负功能连接更强。
两种分析方法都发现了与执行功能相关的大脑区域与与感觉输入相关的大脑区域（例如，后中央回、枕叶区域）之间的功能连接存在组间差异。我们推测，大量加载 SUD 的家庭可能通过改变与情绪调节和对外界刺激的评估相关的神经回路来增加风险，而不仅仅是通过外显精神病理学来解释。
