伏隔核功能连接在奖励中介中的作用，介导了高危青少年的寻求刺激和饮酒行为。
Accumbens functional connectivity during reward mediates sensation-seeking and alcohol use in high-risk youth.
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Addiction Research Center, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
出版信息
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2013 Feb 1;128(1-2):130-9. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.08.019. Epub 2012 Sep 5.
BACKGROUND
Differences in fronto-striatal connectivity in problem substance users have suggested reduced influence of cognitive regions on reward-salience regions. Youth with a family history of alcoholism (FH+) have disrupted ventral striatal processing compared with controls with no familial risk (FH-). As sensation-seeking represents an additional vulnerability factor, we hypothesized that functional connectivity during reward anticipation would differ by family history, and would mediate the relationship between sensation-seeking and drinking in high-risk subjects.
METHODS
Seventy 18-22 year olds (49 FH+/21 FH-) performed a monetary incentive delay task during functional magnetic resonance imaging. Group connectivity differences for incentive (reward/loss) vs. neutral conditions were evaluated with psychophysiological interaction (PPI) analysis, seeded in nucleus accumbens (NAcc). Indirect effects of sensation-seeking on drinking volume through accumbens connectivity were tested.
RESULTS
NAcc connectivity with paracentral lobule/precuneus and sensorimotor areas was decreased for FH- vs. increased for FH+ during incentive anticipation. In FH+, task-related functional coupling between left NAcc and supplementary sensorimotor area (SSMA) and right precuneus correlated positively with sensation-seeking and drinking volume and mediated their relationship. In FH-, left NAcc-SSMA connectivity correlated negatively with sensation-seeking but was not related to drinking.
CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest preexisting differences in accumbens reward-related functional connectivity in high-risk subjects. NAcc coupling with SSMA, involved in attention and motor networks, and precuneus, a default mode structure, appear to mediate sensation-seeking's effect on drinking in those most at-risk. Differences in accumbens connectivity with attention/motor/default networks, rather than control systems, may influence the reward system's role in vulnerability for substance abuse.
背景
问题物质使用者的额-纹状体连接差异表明，认知区域对奖励-突显区域的影响降低。与无家族风险（FH-）的对照组相比，有酒精中毒家族史（FH+）的年轻人腹侧纹状体处理能力受到干扰。由于寻求刺激代表了另一个易损因素，我们假设在奖励预期期间，家族史会导致功能连接存在差异，并且会调节高风险受试者中寻求刺激和饮酒之间的关系。
方法
70 名 18-22 岁的个体（49 名 FH+/21 名 FH-）在功能磁共振成像期间执行了货币奖励延迟任务。使用心理生理交互（PPI）分析评估了奖励（奖励/损失）与中性条件下的激励性连接差异，种子位于伏隔核（NAcc）。通过 NAcc 连接测试了寻求刺激对饮酒量的间接影响。
结果
与 FH-相比，FH+在激励预期期间，NAcc 与旁中央小叶/楔前叶和感觉运动区域的连接减少。在 FH+中，左 NAcc 与补充感觉运动区（SSMA）和右楔前叶之间的任务相关功能耦合与寻求刺激和饮酒量呈正相关，并介导了它们之间的关系。在 FH-中，左 NAcc-SSMA 连接与寻求刺激呈负相关，但与饮酒无关。
结论
这些结果表明，高风险受试者的伏隔核与奖励相关的功能连接存在预先存在的差异。NAcc 与 SSMA 的耦合与注意力和运动网络有关，与默认模式结构的楔前叶有关，似乎介导了寻求刺激对那些风险最高的人的饮酒量的影响。与控制机制相比，NAcc 与注意力/运动/默认网络的连接差异可能会影响奖励系统在物质滥用易感性中的作用。
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