Fabozzi Gemma, Iussig Benedetta, Cimadomo Danilo, Vaiarelli Alberto, Maggiulli Roberta, Ubaldi Nicolò, Ubaldi Filippo Maria, Rienzi Laura
Clinica Valle Giulia, GeneraLife IVF Centers, 00197 Rome, Italy.
Genera Veneto, GeneraLife IVF Centers, 36063 Marostica, Italy.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Jan 11;10(1):91. doi: 10.3390/antiox10010091.
Accumulating evidence on the effect of nutrition on reproduction is emerging from both animal and human studies. A healthy dietary pattern and nutrient supplementation, especially during the peri-conceptional period, might be helpful to achieve a live birth, although the mechanisms implicated are not fully understood. The endocrine system and the ooplasmic organelles apparatus, in particular the mitochondria, are clearly key elements during oogenesis and subsequent embryo development, and their proper functioning is associated with nutrition, even beyond maternal aging. Several studies in animal models have reported various adverse effects on mitochondria caused by unbalanced dietary intakes such as high fat diet, high fat high sugar diet, and low protein diet. The alterations produced might include mitochondrial intracellular distribution, content, structure, biogenesis, and functioning. This review summarizes the key role of mitochondria in female reproduction and the effects of different dietary macronutrient compositions on oocyte mitochondrial activity with their possible short-, medium-, and long-term effects.
关于营养对生殖影响的证据正从动物和人类研究中不断涌现。健康的饮食模式和营养补充，尤其是在围孕期，可能有助于实现活产，尽管其中涉及的机制尚未完全明确。内分泌系统和卵质细胞器装置，特别是线粒体，显然是卵子发生及随后胚胎发育过程中的关键要素，其正常功能与营养相关，甚至超越了母体年龄的影响。动物模型的多项研究报告了高脂肪饮食、高脂肪高糖饮食和低蛋白饮食等不均衡饮食摄入对线粒体造成的各种不良影响。产生的改变可能包括线粒体在细胞内的分布、含量、结构、生物发生及功能。本综述总结了线粒体在雌性生殖中的关键作用，以及不同膳食常量营养素组成对卵母细胞线粒体活性的影响及其可能的短期、中期和长期效应。
