Associate professor of neurorehabilitation Department of Physical Therapy Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk City, Saudi Arabia.
Neurol Sci. 2021 Sep;42(9):3733-3748. doi: 10.1007/s10072-020-05015-y. Epub 2021 Jan 14.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is considered a neurological disease with a high prevalence rate among population. One of its main problems is recurrent fall which has numerous contributing factors such as history of fall, fear of falling, gait deficits, impaired balance, poor functional mobility, and muscle weakness.
To review and explore the focus/nature of interventions which target the role of physiotherapy preventing fall in patients with PD.
A scoping review was led dependent on Arksey and O'Malley as discussed by Wood et al. (2002). This paper based on this structure to perceive intervention studies have been embraced in physiotherapy to prevent fall after Parkinson's disease. The search included various databases. The referencing arrangements of every pertinent paper were additionally filtered for more studies.
A total of 173 articles were included, 39 of which met the eligibility criteria. Fifteen studies reported on the direct impact of physiotherapy on fall, while the rest examined the impacts of physiotherapy on factors that are associated with fall. Different outcomes, interventions types, and duration were used in these studies. Findings showed a favorable result of physiotherapy on fall and near fall incidence, balance, gait, functional mobility, muscle strength, and fear of falling.
Physiotherapy has the possibility to decrease fall incidence and fall risk in people with PD. However, the heterogeneity in the patients' selection, intervention studies, outcome measures chosen, time since the onset of disease, variation in intensity, and duration of treatment between included studies make the comparisons difficult. Consequently, more studies are needed on best intervention.
帕金森病（PD）被认为是一种神经系统疾病，在人群中的患病率很高。其主要问题之一是反复跌倒，其有许多促成因素，如跌倒史、害怕跌倒、步态缺陷、平衡受损、功能移动性差和肌肉无力。
综述和探讨以物理治疗为重点/性质的干预措施，以预防 PD 患者跌倒。
根据 Arksey 和 O'Malley 的方法进行了范围综述，如 Wood 等人（2002 年）所述。本文基于该结构，旨在感知干预研究已被纳入物理治疗，以预防帕金森病后的跌倒。搜索包括各种数据库。此外，还对每篇相关论文的参考文献进行了过滤，以纳入更多的研究。
共纳入 173 篇文章，其中 39 篇符合入选标准。15 项研究报告了物理治疗对跌倒的直接影响，而其余研究则研究了物理治疗对与跌倒相关的因素的影响。这些研究使用了不同的结果、干预类型和持续时间。研究结果表明，物理治疗对跌倒和即将跌倒的发生率、平衡、步态、功能移动性、肌肉力量和跌倒恐惧有有利的影响。
物理治疗有可能降低 PD 患者的跌倒发生率和跌倒风险。然而，纳入研究之间在患者选择、干预研究、选择的结果测量、疾病发病时间、治疗强度和时间的差异，使得比较变得困难。因此，需要更多关于最佳干预措施的研究。
