Department of Pharmacy, University São Francisco, R. Waldemar César da Silveira, 105 - Jardim Cura D'ars, Campinas, SP, 13045-510, Brazil.
Coordination of Metallurgical and Environmental Process, Centre of Mineral Technology, Av. Pedro Calmon, 900 - Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-908, Brazil.
Braz J Microbiol. 2021 Jun;52(2):651-661. doi: 10.1007/s42770-021-00428-z. Epub 2021 Jan 14.
The petrochemical industry is responsible for many accidental releases of pollutants in soil such as hydrocarbons and toxic metals. This co-contamination is responsible for a delay in the degradation of the organic pollution. Many successful technologies to remove these metals apply extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). In this study, we tested the application of an EPS from a Paenibacillus sp. to aid the bioremediation of soils contaminated with crude oil and nickel. We conducted a microcosm experiment to soils containing combinations of oil, nickel, and EPS. The final concentration of oil was evaluated with an infrared spectrometer. Also, we sequenced the metagenomes of the samples in an ion torrent sequencer. The application of EPS did not aid the removal of hydrocarbons with or without the presence of nickel. However, it led to a smaller decrease in the diversity indexes. EPS decreased the abundance of Actinobacteria and increased that of Proteobacteria. The EPS also decreased the connectivity among Actinobacteria in the network analysis. The results indicated that the addition of EPS had a higher effect on the community structure than nickel. Altogether, our results indicate that this approach did not aid the bioremediation of hydrocarbons likely due to its effect in the community structure that affected hydrocarbonoclastic microorganisms.
石化工业导致了许多污染物在土壤中的意外释放，如碳氢化合物和有毒金属。这种共污染导致有机污染的降解延迟。许多成功的去除这些金属的技术都应用了细胞外聚合物质（EPS）。在这项研究中，我们测试了一种来自蜡状芽孢杆菌的 EPS 在辅助生物修复受原油和镍污染的土壤中的应用。我们进行了一个微宇宙实验，在含有油、镍和 EPS 的土壤中进行。用红外光谱仪评估油的最终浓度。此外，我们在离子激流测序仪上对样本的宏基因组进行了测序。EPS 的应用并没有帮助去除有或没有镍存在的碳氢化合物。然而，它导致多样性指数的下降幅度较小。EPS 减少了放线菌的丰度，增加了变形菌的丰度。EPS 还减少了网络分析中放线菌之间的连通性。结果表明，与镍相比，EPS 的添加对群落结构的影响更大。总的来说，我们的结果表明，这种方法并没有帮助生物修复碳氢化合物，可能是因为它对影响烃类降解微生物的群落结构的影响。
