Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade para o Meio Ambiente, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué, Tolima, Colombia.
Braz J Microbiol. 2021 Jun;52(2):787-800. doi: 10.1007/s42770-021-00476-5. Epub 2021 Apr 4.
Crude oil extracted from oilfield reservoirs brings together hypersaline produced water. Failure in pipelines transporting this mixture causes contamination of the soil with oil and hypersaline water. Soil salinization is harmful to biological populations, impairing the biodegradation of contaminants. We simulated the contamination of a soil from an oilfield with produced water containing different concentrations of NaCl and crude oil, in order to evaluate the effect of salinity and hydrocarbon concentration on prokaryote community structure and biodegradation activity. Microcosms were incubated in CO-measuring respirometer. After the incubation, residual aliphatic hydrocarbons were quantified and were performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing. An increase in CO emission and hydrocarbon biodegradation was observed with increasing oil concentration up to 100 g kg. Alpha diversity decreased in oil-contaminated soils with an increase in the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and reduction of Bacteroidetes with increasing oil concentration. In the NaCl-contaminated soils, alpha diversity, CO emission, and hydrocarbon biodegradation decreased with increasing NaCl concentration. There was an increase in the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria and a reduction of Actinobacteria with increasing salt concentration. Our results highlight the need to adopt specific bioremediation strategies in soils impacted by mixtures of crude oil and hypersaline produced water.
从油田储层中提取的原油汇集了高盐度的产出水。在输送这种混合物的管道中发生故障会导致油和高盐度水污染土壤。土壤盐渍化对生物种群有害，会影响污染物的生物降解。我们模拟了一种来自油田的土壤受到含有不同浓度 NaCl 和原油的产出水的污染，以评估盐度和碳氢化合物浓度对原核生物群落结构和生物降解活性的影响。微宇宙在 CO 测量呼吸计中进行孵育。孵育后，定量剩余的直链脂肪烃，并进行 16S rRNA 基因测序。随着油浓度增加到 100 g kg，CO 排放和烃类生物降解增加。随着油浓度的增加，受污染土壤中的 α 多样性降低，放线菌的相对丰度增加，拟杆菌门的相对丰度减少。在受 NaCl 污染的土壤中，随着 NaCl 浓度的增加，α 多样性、CO 排放和烃类生物降解减少。随着盐浓度的增加，厚壁菌门和变形菌门的相对丰度增加，放线菌门的相对丰度减少。我们的结果强调了需要在受到原油和高盐度产出水混合物影响的土壤中采用特定的生物修复策略。
