University of South Alabama, Department of Psychology, United States.
University of South Alabama, Department of Psychology, United States.
J Affect Disord. 2021 Mar 1;282:587-593. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.169. Epub 2020 Dec 29.
Relatively few studies test the interpersonal psychological theory's monotonicity hypothesis. The monotonicity hypothesis proposes that suicide capability (i.e., fearlessness about death and pain tolerance) is stable or increases linearly with exposure to painful and provocative events. Research is conflicted, suggesting that suicide capability is static, decreases, or increases and returns to baseline. The current study thus tested this hypothesis in a sample of college students with histories of suicidal ideation. We hypothesized a stable and an increasing trajectory.
Participants were 206 undergraduates; primarily women (73%), on average 19.05 years old, heterosexual (85%), and first-years (69%). Participants completed a baseline battery of questionnaires on suicide risk factors and daily diaries on suicide capability and suicidal ideation for 90 days (n = 7,342 surveys, 40% compliance rate). Group-based trajectory analyses were conducted with the SAS macro PROC TRAJ.
Modeling revealed a three group quadratic model. Low (27.7%), Moderate (41.3%), and High (31.1%) suicide capability groups remained static over time. Baseline suicidal ideation, but not history of suicide attempts or family history of suicidal behavior, distinguished groups; participants with suicidal ideation at baseline were less likely to be in the low suicide capability group.
Brief, dichotomized assessments, and a high attrition rate.
These data showed temporal stability of suicide capability and suggest that the "acquired" component of capability may be overemphasized. Clarifying the stability and modifiability of suicide capability will enable empirically-based applications of the theory to suicide prevention.
很少有研究检验人际心理理论的单调性假设。单调性假设提出，自杀能力（即对死亡和疼痛的无畏和耐痛）随着痛苦和挑衅性事件的暴露而稳定或线性增加。研究结果存在冲突，表明自杀能力是静态的、下降的或增加后又回到基线。因此，本研究在有自杀意念史的大学生样本中测试了这一假设。我们假设了一个稳定和增加的轨迹。
参与者为 206 名本科生；主要是女性（73%），平均年龄 19.05 岁，异性恋（85%），一年级学生（69%）。参与者在基线时完成了一套关于自杀风险因素的问卷，并在 90 天内完成了关于自杀能力和自杀意念的每日日记（共 7342 份调查，40%的依从率）。使用 SAS 宏 PROC TRAJ 进行基于群组的轨迹分析。
建模显示了一个三组二次模型。低（27.7%）、中（41.3%）和高（31.1%）自杀能力组随时间保持静态。基线自杀意念，但不是自杀企图史或自杀行为家族史，区分了不同的组；有自杀意念的参与者不太可能处于低自杀能力组。
简短、二分评估和高失访率。
这些数据显示了自杀能力的时间稳定性，并表明能力的“习得”成分可能被过分强调。澄清自杀能力的稳定性和可改性将使该理论在自杀预防方面的实证应用成为可能。
