Burke Taylor A, Ammerman Brooke A, Knorr Anne C, Alloy Lauren B, McCloskey Michael S
Temple University, Department of Psychology, 1701 N. 13th St., Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA.
Psychol Violence. 2018 Mar;8(2):277-286. doi: 10.1037/vio0000090. Epub 2017 Mar 2.
Despite the large literature on risk factors for suicide-related outcomes, few studies have examined risk for acting on suicidal thoughts among suicide ideators. The current study aimed to fill this gap by examining the role of acquired capability, as well as its hypothesized facilitator, painful and provocative events (PPEs), as motivators for behavior among individuals along the suicide continuum.
Undergraduates reporting suicidal ideation, suicide plans, suicide attempts without intent to die, or suicide attempts with intent to die (N=546) completed a measure of acquired capability for suicide, as well as assessments of exposure to PPEs.
Our findings demonstrated that acquired capability for suicide did not distinguish between individuals falling along the ideation-to-action spectrum. Among the several PPEs assessed, the frequency of non-suicidal self-injury, and the presence of childhood emotional abuse, physical abuse, and physical neglect each significantly differentiated between groups, with individuals having a history of a suicide attempt with the intent to die reporting the highest levels.
These findings implicate the PPEs that may be most important to assess in determining suicide risk, and, further, call into question the utility of acquired capability in differentiating between individuals along the suicide continuum.
尽管有大量关于自杀相关结局风险因素的文献，但很少有研究考察自杀意念者将自杀想法付诸行动的风险。本研究旨在通过考察习得能力及其假定的促进因素——痛苦和挑衅性事件（PPEs）在自杀连续体中个体行为动机方面的作用来填补这一空白。
报告有自杀意念、自杀计划、无死亡意图的自杀未遂或有死亡意图的自杀未遂的大学生（N = 546）完成了一项自杀习得能力测量以及对PPEs暴露情况的评估。
我们的研究结果表明，自杀习得能力无法区分处于意念到行动范围内的个体。在评估的几种PPEs中，非自杀性自伤的频率以及童年期情感虐待、身体虐待和身体忽视的存在在各群体之间均有显著差异，有死亡意图的自杀未遂史的个体报告的水平最高。
这些发现表明在确定自杀风险时可能最需要评估的PPEs，此外，也对习得能力在区分自杀连续体中的个体方面的效用提出了质疑。
