认知能力与 HIV 的交集：护理科学的现状综述。
The Intersection of Cognitive Ability and HIV: A Review of the State of the Nursing Science.
机构信息
Drenna Waldrop, PhD, is a Professor and Assistant Dean for Research Operations & Training, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. Crista Irwin, BSN, RN, is a PhD Student, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. W. Chance Nicholson, PhD, MSN, PMHNP-BC, is a Nurse Practitioner and Assistant Professor, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. Cheryl A. Lee, BSN, RN, is a PhD Student, School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. Allison Webel, PhD, RN, FAAN, is an Associate Professor, Frances Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. Pariya L. Fazeli, PhD, is an Associate Professor, School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. David E. Vance, PhD, MGS, is a Professor, School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
出版信息
J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2021;32(3):306-321. doi: 10.1097/JNC.0000000000000232.
Neurocognitive problems have been endemic to the HIV epidemic since its beginning. Four decades later, these problems persist, but currently, they are attributed to HIV-induced inflammation, the long-term effects of combination antiretroviral therapy, lifestyle (i.e., physical activity, drug use), psychiatric, and age-associated comorbidities (i.e., heart disease, hypertension). In many cases, persons living with HIV (PLWH) may develop cognitive problems as a function of accelerated or accentuated normal aging and lifestyle rather than HIV itself. Nonetheless, such cognitive impairments can interfere with HIV care, including medication adherence and attending clinic appointments. With more than half of PLWH 50 years and older, and 30%-50% of all PLWH meeting the criteria for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder, those aging with HIV may be more vulnerable to developing cognitive problems. This state of the science article provides an overview of current issues and provides implications for practice, policy, and research to promote successful cognitive functioning in PLWH.
自艾滋病流行开始以来，神经认知问题就一直存在。四十年后，这些问题仍然存在，但目前它们归因于 HIV 引起的炎症、联合抗逆转录病毒疗法的长期影响、生活方式（即体力活动、药物使用）、精神疾病和与年龄相关的合并症（即心脏病、高血压）。在许多情况下，艾滋病毒感染者（PLWH）可能会出现认知问题，这是由于加速或加剧的正常衰老和生活方式，而不是 HIV 本身。尽管如此，这种认知障碍会干扰艾滋病毒的护理，包括药物依从性和就诊预约。超过一半的 PLWH 年龄在 50 岁及以上，并且 30%-50%的所有 PLWH 符合与 HIV 相关的神经认知障碍的标准，因此随着 HIV 年龄的增长，他们可能更容易出现认知问题。本文概述了当前的问题，并为实践、政策和研究提供了启示，以促进 PLWH 的认知功能成功。
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