Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INP UMR7051, NeuroCyto, Marseille, France.
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2021 Aug;69:33-40. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2020.12.015. Epub 2021 Jan 12.
Neurons rely on a unique organization of their cytoskeleton to build, maintain and transform their extraordinarily intricate shapes. After decades of research on the neuronal cytoskeleton, it is exciting that novel assemblies are still discovered thanks to progress in cellular imaging methods. Indeed, super-resolution microscopy has revealed that axons are lined with a periodic scaffold of actin rings, spaced every 190nm by spectrins. Determining the architecture, composition, dynamics, and functions of this membrane-associated periodic scaffold is a current conceptual and technical challenge, as well as a very active area of research. This short review aims at summarizing the latest research on the axonal periodic scaffold, highlighting recent progress and open questions.
神经元依赖于其细胞骨架的独特组织来构建、维持和改变其极其复杂的形状。经过几十年对神经元细胞骨架的研究，由于细胞成像方法的进步，仍然发现了新的组装体，这令人兴奋。事实上，超分辨率显微镜揭示了轴突被周期性的肌动蛋白环支架排列，由spectrins 每隔 190nm 隔开。确定这种膜相关周期性支架的结构、组成、动力学和功能是当前的概念和技术挑战，也是一个非常活跃的研究领域。这篇简短的综述旨在总结轴突周期性支架的最新研究，强调最近的进展和悬而未决的问题。
