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犹太洁食和清真食品法。

The Kosher and Halal Food Laws.

作者信息

Regenstein J M, Chaudry M M, Regenstein C E

机构信息

Author J.M. Regenstein is Prof. of Food Science, Cornell Kosher Food Initiative, Dept. of Food Science, Stocking Hall, Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY 14853-7201.

Author Chaudry is Exec. Dir. of the Islamic Food and Nutrition Council, Chicago, IL.

出版信息

Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2003 Jul;2(3):111-127. doi: 10.1111/j.1541-4337.2003.tb00018.x.

Abstract

Knowledge of the kosher and halal dietary laws is important to the Jewish and Muslim populations who observe these laws and to food companies that wish to market to these populations and to interested consumers who do not observe these laws. The kosher dietary laws determine which foods are "fit or proper" for Jews and deal predominantly with 3 issues: allowed animals, the prohibition of blood, and the prohibition of mixing milk and meat. These laws are derived from the Torah and the oral law received by Moses on Mount Sinai (Talmud). Additional laws cover other areas such as grape products, cheese, baking, cooking, tithing, and foods that may not be eaten during the Jewish festival of Passover. Halal laws are derived from the Quran and the Hadith, the traditions of the prophet Muhammad. As with Kosher laws, there are specific allowed animals and a prohibition of the consumption of blood. Additionally, alcohol is prohibited.

摘要

对于遵守犹太洁食和清真饮食律法的犹太人群体和穆斯林群体,对于希望向这些群体进行市场营销的食品公司,以及对于不遵守这些律法但感兴趣的消费者而言,了解犹太洁食和清真饮食律法都很重要。犹太洁食律法规定了哪些食物对犹太人来说是“合适的”,主要涉及三个问题:允许食用的动物、禁止食用血液以及禁止奶与肉混合。这些律法源自《托拉》以及摩西在西奈山接受的口传律法(《塔木德》)。其他律法涵盖了葡萄制品(葡萄汁、葡萄酒)、奶酪、烘焙、烹饪、什一税以及犹太逾越节期间不可食用的食物等其他领域。清真律法源自《古兰经》和圣训,即先知穆罕默德的传统。与犹太洁食律法一样,有特定允许食用的动物,并且禁止食用血液。此外,酒精也是被禁止的。

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