Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States.
ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2020 Apr 13;6(4):2263-2273. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01795. Epub 2020 Mar 20.
Sensorineural hearing loss in mammals occurs due to irreversible damage to the sensory epithelia of the inner ear and has very limited treatment options. The ability to regenerate the auditory progenitor cells is a promising approach for the treatment of sensorineural hearing loss; therefore, finding an appropriate and easily accessible stem cell source for restoring the sense of hearing would be of great interest. Here, we proposed a novel easy-to-access source of cells with the ability to recover auditory progenitor cells. In this study, gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) were utilized, as these cells have high self-renewal and multipotent differentiation capacity and can be obtained easily from the oral cavity or discarded tissue samples at dental clinics. To manipulate the biophysical properties of the cellular microenvironment for promoting GMSC differentiation toward the target cells, we also tried to propose a candidate biomaterial. GMSCs in combination with an appropriate scaffold material can, therefore, present advantageous therapeutic options for a number of conditions. Here, we report the potential of GMSCs to differentiate into auditory progenitor cells while supporting them with an optimized three-dimensional scaffold and certain growth factors. A hybrid hydrogel scaffold based on peptide modified alginate and Matrigel was used here in addition to the presence of fibroblast growth factor-basic (bFGF), insulin-like growth factor (IGF), and epidermal growth factor (EGF). Our and studies confirmed the auditory differentiation potential of GMSCs within the engineered microenvironment.
哺乳动物的感音神经性听力损失是由于内耳感觉上皮的不可逆损伤引起的，治疗选择非常有限。再生听觉祖细胞的能力是治疗感音神经性听力损失的一种有前途的方法；因此，寻找一种合适且易于获取的干细胞来源来恢复听力将是非常有意义的。在这里，我们提出了一种具有恢复听觉祖细胞能力的新型易于获取的细胞来源。在这项研究中，利用了牙龈间充质干细胞（GMSCs），因为这些细胞具有高自我更新和多能分化能力，并且可以很容易地从口腔或牙科诊所的废弃组织样本中获得。为了操纵细胞微环境的生物物理特性，以促进 GMSC 向靶细胞分化，我们还尝试提出了一种候选生物材料。因此，GMSCs 与合适的支架材料结合，可以为许多疾病提供有利的治疗选择。在这里，我们报告了 GMSCs 在支持优化的三维支架和某些生长因子的情况下分化为听觉祖细胞的潜力。除了碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）、胰岛素样生长因子（IGF）和表皮生长因子（EGF）之外，这里还使用了基于肽修饰藻酸盐和 Matrigel 的混合水凝胶支架。我们的 和 研究证实了 GMSCs 在工程化微环境中向听觉分化的潜力。
