Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Int J Oral Sci. 2021 Jun 30;13(1):22. doi: 10.1038/s41368-021-00126-4.
Tissue engineering approaches have emerged recently to circumvent many limitations associated with current clinical practices. This elegant approach utilizes a natural/synthetic biomaterial with optimized physiomechanical properties to serve as a vehicle for delivery of exogenous stem cells and bioactive factors or induce local recruitment of endogenous cells for in situ tissue regeneration. Inspired by the natural microenvironment, biomaterials could act as a biomimetic three-dimensional (3D) structure to help the cells establish their natural interactions. Such a strategy should not only employ a biocompatible biomaterial to induce new tissue formation but also benefit from an easily accessible and abundant source of stem cells with potent tissue regenerative potential. The human teeth and oral cavity harbor various populations of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with self-renewing and multilineage differentiation capabilities. In the current review article, we seek to highlight recent progress and future opportunities in dental MSC-mediated therapeutic strategies for tissue regeneration using two possible approaches, cell transplantation and cell homing. Altogether, this paper develops a general picture of current innovative strategies to employ dental-derived MSCs combined with biomaterials and bioactive factors for regenerating the lost or defective tissues and offers information regarding the available scientific data and possible applications.
组织工程方法最近已经出现，以克服当前临床实践中存在的许多限制。这种优雅的方法利用具有优化生理机械性能的天然/合成生物材料作为载体，用于输送外源性干细胞和生物活性因子，或诱导内源性细胞在原位进行组织再生。受天然微环境的启发，生物材料可以作为仿生三维（3D）结构来帮助细胞建立其自然相互作用。这种策略不仅应该使用生物相容性生物材料来诱导新的组织形成，而且还应该受益于容易获得和丰富的具有强大组织再生潜力的干细胞来源。人类牙齿和口腔中存在着各种具有自我更新和多谱系分化能力的间充质干细胞（MSCs）。在这篇综述文章中，我们旨在强调使用两种可能的方法，细胞移植和细胞归巢，通过牙髓间充质干细胞介导的治疗策略进行组织再生的最新进展和未来机遇。总的来说，本文描述了一种将牙齿来源的间充质干细胞与生物材料和生物活性因子结合用于再生丢失或受损组织的创新策略，并提供了有关现有科学数据和可能应用的信息。
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