Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK.
Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
Twin Res Hum Genet. 2020 Dec;23(6):330-337. doi: 10.1017/thg.2020.84. Epub 2021 Jan 18.
A healthy diet is associated with the improvement or maintenance of health parameters, and several indices have been proposed to assess diet quality comprehensively. Twin studies have found that some specific foods, nutrients and food patterns have a heritable component; however, the heritability of overall dietary intake has not yet been estimated. Here, we compute heritability estimates of the nine most common dietary indices utilized in nutritional epidemiology. We analyzed 2590 female twins from TwinsUK (653 monozygotic [MZ] and 642 dizygotic [DZ] pairs) who completed a 131-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Heritability estimates were computed using structural equation models (SEM) adjusting for body mass index (BMI), smoking status, Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD), physical activity, menopausal status, energy and alcohol intake. The AE model was the best-fitting model for most of the analyzed dietary scores (seven out of nine), with heritability estimates ranging from 10.1% (95% CI [.02, .18]) for the Dietary Reference Values (DRV) to 42.7% (95% CI [.36, .49]) for the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (A-HEI). The ACE model was the best-fitting model for the Healthy Diet Indicator (HDI) and Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010) with heritability estimates of 5.4% (95% CI [-.17, .28]) and 25.4% (95% CI [.05, .46]), respectively. Here, we find that all analyzed dietary indices have a heritable component, suggesting that there is a genetic predisposition regulating what you eat. Future studies should explore genes underlying dietary indices to further understand the genetic disposition toward diet-related health parameters.
健康的饮食与改善或维持健康参数有关，已经提出了几种综合评估饮食质量的指数。双胞胎研究发现，一些特定的食物、营养素和饮食模式具有遗传成分；然而，整体饮食摄入量的遗传性尚未得到估计。在这里，我们计算了营养流行病学中使用的 9 种最常见饮食指数的遗传力估计值。我们分析了来自 TwinsUK 的 2590 名女性双胞胎（653 对同卵[MZ]和 642 对异卵[DZ]双胞胎），她们完成了一份 131 项食物频率问卷（FFQ）。使用结构方程模型（SEM）调整体重指数（BMI）、吸烟状况、多重剥夺指数（IMD）、身体活动、绝经状态、能量和酒精摄入量后，计算了遗传力估计值。AE 模型是大多数分析的饮食评分（9 个中的 7 个）的最佳拟合模型，遗传力估计值从饮食参考值（DRV）的 10.1%（95%CI [.02，.18]）到替代健康饮食指数（A-HEI）的 42.7%（95%CI [.36，.49]）。ACE 模型是健康饮食指数（HDI）和 2010 年健康饮食指数（HEI-2010）的最佳拟合模型，遗传力估计值分别为 5.4%（95%CI [-.17，.28]）和 25.4%（95%CI [.05，.46]）。在这里，我们发现所有分析的饮食指数都有遗传成分，这表明存在调节你饮食的遗传倾向。未来的研究应该探索饮食指数背后的基因，以进一步了解与饮食相关的健康参数的遗传倾向。
