Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, PO Box 20, Tukholmankatu 8B, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
Obesity Research Unit, Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, PO Box 63, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.
Nutrients. 2019 Oct 23;11(11):2561. doi: 10.3390/nu11112561.
We constructed a food-based diet quality score (DQS) and examined its association with obesity measures, eating styles and nutrient intakes. Participants were 3592 individuals (764 dizygotic [DZ] and 430 monozygotic [MZ] twin pairs) from the FinnTwin16 study. The DQS (0-12 points) was constructed from a short 14 item food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric measures and eating styles were self-reported. Nutrient intakes were calculated from food diaries completed in a subsample of 249 individuals (45 same-sex DZ and 60 MZ twin pairs). Twins were analyzed both as individuals and as twin pairs. The DQS was inversely associated with body mass index (β = -0.12, per one-unit increase in DQS, < 0.001), waist circumference (β = -0.34, < 0.001), obesity (odds ratio [OR]: 0.95, = 0.004) and abdominal obesity (OR: 0.88, < 0.001), independent of sex, age, physical activity and education. A higher DQS was associated with health-conscious eating, having breakfast, less snacking, fewer evening meals, and a higher frequency and regularity of eating. The DQS was positively correlated with the intakes of protein, fiber and magnesium and negatively correlated with the intakes of total fat, saturated fat and sucrose. Within twin pairs, most of the associations between the DQS with eating styles and some nutrients remained, but the DQS was not associated with obesity measures within twin pairs. The DQS is an easy-to-use tool for ranking adults according to diet quality and shows an association with obesity measures, eating styles and key nutrients in the expected direction.
我们构建了一个基于食物的饮食质量评分（DQS），并研究了它与肥胖指标、饮食方式和营养素摄入的关系。参与者为来自 FinnTwin16 研究的 3592 个人（764 对异卵双胞胎[DZ]和 430 对同卵双胞胎[MZ]）。DQS（0-12 分）由一个简短的 14 项食物频率问卷构建而成。人体测量指标和饮食方式为自我报告。营养素摄入量由 249 名个体（45 对同性别 DZ 和 60 对 MZ 双胞胎）完成的食物日记计算得出。双胞胎作为个体和双胞胎对进行分析。DQS 与体重指数（β=-0.12，每增加一个 DQS 单位，<0.001）、腰围（β=-0.34，<0.001）、肥胖（比值比[OR]：0.95，<0.001）和腹部肥胖（OR：0.88，<0.001）呈负相关，独立于性别、年龄、体力活动和教育程度。较高的 DQS 与健康意识的饮食、吃早餐、少吃零食、少吃晚餐、更高的进食频率和规律性有关。DQS 与蛋白质、纤维和镁的摄入量呈正相关，与总脂肪、饱和脂肪和蔗糖的摄入量呈负相关。在双胞胎对中，DQS 与饮食方式和一些营养素的大多数关联仍然存在，但 DQS 与双胞胎对中的肥胖指标无关。DQS 是一种简单易用的工具，可根据饮食质量对成年人进行排名，并显示出与肥胖指标、饮食方式和关键营养素的关联，方向与预期一致。
