College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
Hospital of Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
J Dairy Sci. 2021 Mar;104(3):2773-2786. doi: 10.3168/jds.2020-19510. Epub 2021 Jan 15.
In this study, we explored the effects of combining goat milk and oligosaccharides on the large intestine environment of mice. A combination of goat milk with each of 3 oligosaccharides-stachyose, fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS), and a prebiotics mix-were independently fed to mice. We investigated composition changes in the microbiota of the large intestine using 16S rRNA gene sequencing; measured short-chain fatty acid content using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; and performed a Spearman correlation analysis between microorganisms and short-chain fatty acids. Our results showed that microbial diversity in the large intestine decreased significantly in the FOS group. In terms of α diversity, microbial richness significantly declined in all 3 treatment groups; in terms of β diversity, the intestinal microbial structures clearly changed in the FOS group. The abundance of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus increased markedly in the FOS group compared with the other groups. Functional predictions showed that FOS reduced intestinal bacterial infections and improved the endocrine and immune systems. Spearman correlation analysis showed that propionic, isobutyric, and valeric acids were all positively correlated with certain microbiota. Our findings suggest that FOS-enriched goat milk is beneficial for improving the large intestine environment in the host.
在这项研究中，我们探讨了山羊奶和低聚糖结合对小鼠大肠环境的影响。我们分别用山羊奶与三种低聚糖（棉子糖、果寡糖（FOS）和一种益生元混合物）组合喂养小鼠。我们使用 16S rRNA 基因测序研究了大肠微生物群落的组成变化；使用气相色谱-质谱法测量了短链脂肪酸的含量；并对微生物和短链脂肪酸之间进行 Spearman 相关性分析。结果表明，FOS 组大肠微生物多样性显著降低。在 α 多样性方面，所有 3 个处理组的微生物丰富度均显著下降；在 β 多样性方面，FOS 组的肠道微生物结构明显改变。与其他组相比，FOS 组双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌的丰度显著增加。功能预测表明，FOS 减少了肠道细菌感染，改善了内分泌和免疫系统。Spearman 相关性分析表明，丙酸、异丁酸和戊酸均与某些微生物呈正相关。我们的研究结果表明，富含 FOS 的山羊奶有利于改善宿主的大肠环境。
