Groupe de Recherche Clinique Sur La Lithiase Urinaire, Hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne Université, 75020, Paris, France.
Service d'Urologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne Université, 75020, Paris, France.
World J Urol. 2021 Aug;39(8):2895-2901. doi: 10.1007/s00345-020-03561-w. Epub 2021 Jan 17.
To explore the relationship between the consumption of coffee and tea with urolithiasis. We evaluated large epidemiological and small clinical studies to draw conclusions regarding their lithogenic risk.
A systematic review was performed using the Medline and Scopus databases, in concordance with the PRISMA statement. English, French, and Spanish language studies regarding the consumption of caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee and tea, and the relationship to urinary stone disease were reviewed. Case reports and letters, unpublished studies, posters, and comments were excluded.
As per the inclusion criteria, 13 studies were included in the final review. Most studies, including four large prospective studies and one meta-analysis, reported a reduced risk of stone formation for coffee and tea. Caffeine has a diuretic effect and increases the urinary excretion of calcium, but if these losses are compensated for, moderate caffeine intakes may have little or no deleterious effects. Green and Herbal teas infused for short time had low oxalate content compared to black tea.
There is no evidence that moderate consumption of coffee raises the risk for stone formation in healthy individuals, provided the recommended daily fluid intake is maintained. The currently available literature supports in general a protective role for tea against the stone formation, mainly for green tea. However, heterogeneity of published data and lack of standardization needs to be addressed before final and clear conclusions can be given to patients and to the public in general.
探讨咖啡和茶的消费与尿石症之间的关系。我们评估了大型流行病学研究和小型临床研究，以得出关于其成石风险的结论。
使用 Medline 和 Scopus 数据库进行系统评价，符合 PRISMA 声明。综述了关于饮用含咖啡因和无咖啡因咖啡和茶以及与尿路结石病的关系的英文、法文和西班牙文研究。排除病例报告和信件、未发表的研究、海报和评论。
根据纳入标准，最终综述纳入了 13 项研究。大多数研究，包括四项大型前瞻性研究和一项荟萃分析，报告咖啡和茶的结石形成风险降低。咖啡因具有利尿作用并增加钙的尿排泄，但如果这些损失得到补偿，适量摄入咖啡因可能几乎没有或没有有害影响。与红茶相比，短时间浸泡的绿茶和草本茶的草酸盐含量较低。
在保持推荐的每日液体摄入量的情况下，没有证据表明适量饮用咖啡会增加健康个体结石形成的风险。目前可用的文献普遍支持茶对结石形成具有保护作用，主要是对绿茶。然而，在向患者和一般公众提供最终和明确的结论之前，需要解决发表数据的异质性和缺乏标准化的问题。
