Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Phytother Res. 2021 Jun;35(6):2854-2878. doi: 10.1002/ptr.6991. Epub 2021 Jan 19.
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) is the major promoter of reverse cholesterol transport and efflux of excess cellular cholesterol. The functions of HDL, such as cholesterol efflux, are associated with cardiovascular disease rather than HDL levels. We have reviewed the evidence base on the major classes of phytochemicals, including polyphenols, alkaloids, carotenoids, phytosterols, and fatty acids, and their effects on macrophage cholesterol efflux and its major pathways. Phytochemicals show the potential to improve the efficiency of each of these pathways. The findings are mainly in preclinical studies, and more clinical research is warranted in this area to develop novel clinical applications.
高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL）是胆固醇逆向转运和细胞内多余胆固醇外排的主要促进剂。HDL 的功能，如胆固醇外排，与心血管疾病有关，而不是与 HDL 水平有关。我们已经回顾了主要类别的植物化学物质，包括多酚、生物碱、类胡萝卜素、植物固醇和脂肪酸，以及它们对巨噬细胞胆固醇外排及其主要途径的影响。植物化学物质显示出提高这些途径效率的潜力。这些发现主要来自临床前研究，因此在该领域需要更多的临床研究来开发新的临床应用。
