Tupasi T E, Velmonte M A, Sanvictores M E, Abraham L, De Leon L E, Tan S A, Miguel C A, Saniel M C
Department of Health, Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Manila, The Philippines.
J Infect Dis. 1988 Apr;157(4):615-23. doi: 10.1093/infdis/157.4.615.
Acute respiratory infections (ARI) were monitored every two weeks in an urban community in Metro Manila, Philippines, to determine the incidence and risk factors for ARI morbidity. Hospitalized children with acute lower-respiratory-tract infection (ALRI) were studied to determine case-fatality rates (CFR) and predictors for mortality. Incidence rates were highest in infants, 3.2-4.0 per person, followed by children one to four years of age, with corresponding rates of 3.0-3.4 per person. The risk factors for ARI morbidity were low socioeconomic status and age less than one year. A CFR of 5% in children with ALRI was observed. Malnutrition and a positive culture of blood were significant risk factors for mortality. These identified risk factors underscore the value of primary health care interventions, such as the standard ARI case management, immunization, health education, promotion of breast-feeding, and vitamin A supplementation, as strategies for reducing ARI mortality in developing countries.
在菲律宾马尼拉大都会的一个城市社区，每两周对急性呼吸道感染（ARI）进行监测，以确定ARI发病的发病率和危险因素。对患有急性下呼吸道感染（ALRI）的住院儿童进行研究，以确定病死率（CFR）和死亡预测因素。发病率在婴儿中最高，为每人3.2 - 4.0例，其次是1至4岁的儿童，相应发病率为每人3.0 - 3.4例。ARI发病的危险因素是社会经济地位低和年龄小于1岁。观察到ALRI儿童的CFR为5%。营养不良和血培养阳性是死亡的重要危险因素。这些确定的危险因素凸显了初级卫生保健干预措施的价值，如标准的ARI病例管理、免疫接种、健康教育、促进母乳喂养和补充维生素A，作为发展中国家降低ARI死亡率的策略。
