Rashkow Jason T, Talukdar Yahfi, Lalwani Gaurav, Sitharaman Balaji
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-5281, United States.
ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2017 Oct 9;3(10):2533-2541. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00425. Epub 2017 Aug 29.
Current efforts in the design of bone tissue engineering scaffolds have focused on harnessing the physiochemical properties of two-dimensional organic and inorganic nanoparticles to improve bulk and surface properties of biodegradable polymers. Herein, we investigate the hard and soft tissue biocompatibility of two such constructs: 90% porous poly(lactic--glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanocomposite scaffolds incorporated with 0.2 wt % graphene oxide nanoplatelets (GONPs) or molybdenum disulfide nanoplatelets (MSNPs). Scaffolds were implanted in a noncritical sized monocortical defect in the tibia or subcutaneously on the dorsum of a rat model for 2 or 6 weeks. Hard and soft tissue biocompatibility of the nanoparticle reinforced scaffolds was comparable to that of the PLGA control. In addition, 2 weeks after implantation, significantly less bone growth (∼35%) was observed for the PLGA group compared to that of the empty defect group; it was not observed for the experimental groups which showed 20% and 15% greater bone growth compared to that of the PLGA group. This may indicate that the nanoparticles do play a role in assisting bone regeneration. Taken together, the results suggest that scaffolds incorporated with GONPs or MSNPs show promise for bone tissue engineering applications.
目前骨组织工程支架设计的研究重点是利用二维有机和无机纳米颗粒的物理化学性质，以改善可生物降解聚合物的整体和表面性质。在此，我们研究了两种此类构建体的硬组织和软组织生物相容性：掺入0.2 wt%氧化石墨烯纳米片（GONPs）或二硫化钼纳米片（MSNPs）的90%多孔聚乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物（PLGA）纳米复合支架。将支架植入大鼠模型胫骨的非临界尺寸单皮质缺损处或皮下背部，为期2周或6周。纳米颗粒增强支架的硬组织和软组织生物相容性与PLGA对照组相当。此外，植入2周后，与空白缺损组相比，PLGA组观察到的骨生长明显减少（约35%）；而实验组未观察到这种情况，与PLGA组相比，实验组的骨生长分别高出20%和15%。这可能表明纳米颗粒在协助骨再生中确实发挥了作用。综上所述，结果表明掺入GONPs或MSNPs的支架在骨组织工程应用中具有前景。
