Düzgüneş Nejat, Sessevmez Melike, Yildirim Metin
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA.
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34116, Turkey.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2021 Jan 5;14(1):34. doi: 10.3390/ph14010034.
Antibiotic-resistant infections present a serious health concern worldwide. It is estimated that there are 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections and 35,000 deaths in the United States every year. Such microorganisms include , Enterobacterioceae, , and . Alternative treatment methods are, thus, necessary to treat such infections. Bacteriophages are viruses of bacteria. In a lytic infection, the newly formed phage particles lyse the bacterium and continue to infect other bacteria. In the early 20th century, d'Herelle, Bruynoghe and Maisin used bacterium-specific phages to treat bacterial infections. Bacteriophages are being identified, purified and developed as pharmaceutically acceptable macromolecular "drugs," undergoing strict quality control. Phages can be applied topically or delivered by inhalation, orally or parenterally. Some of the major drug-resistant infections that are potential targets of pharmaceutically prepared phages are , and .
抗生素耐药性感染是全球范围内严重的健康问题。据估计，美国每年有280万例抗生素耐药性感染病例，3.5万人死亡。这类微生物包括肠杆菌科细菌、 、 和 。因此，需要采用替代治疗方法来治疗此类感染。噬菌体是细菌的病毒。在溶菌性感染中，新形成的噬菌体颗粒会裂解细菌，并继续感染其他细菌。在20世纪初，德赫雷尔、布鲁伊诺赫和迈辛使用细菌特异性噬菌体治疗细菌感染。噬菌体正在被鉴定、纯化并开发成药学上可接受的大分子“药物”，并接受严格的质量控制。噬菌体可以局部应用，也可以通过吸入、口服或肠胃外给药。药学制备的噬菌体的一些主要潜在耐药性感染靶点是 、 和 。
