Członka Sylwia, Kairytė Agnė, Miedzińska Karolina, Strąkowska Anna
Institute of Polymer & Dye Technology, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
Laboratory of Thermal Insulating Materials and Acoustics, Institute of Building Materials, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Linkmenu st. 28, LT-08217 Vilnius, Lithuania.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Jan 15;14(2):415. doi: 10.3390/ma14020415.
Polyurethane (PUR) composites were modified with 2 wt.% of lavender fillers functionalized with kaolinite (K) and hydroxyapatite (HA). The impact of lavender fillers on selected properties of PUR composites, such as rheological properties (dynamic viscosity, foaming behavior), mechanical properties (compressive strength, flexural strength, impact strength), insulation properties (thermal conductivity), thermal characteristic (temperature of thermal decomposition stages), flame retardancy (e.g., ignition time, limiting oxygen index, heat peak release) and performance properties (water uptake, contact angle) was investigated. Among all modified types of PUR composites, the greatest improvement was observed for PUR composites filled with lavender fillers functionalized with kaolinite and hydroxyapatite. For example, on the addition of functionalized lavender fillers, the compressive strength was enhanced by ~16-18%, flexural strength by ~9-12%, and impact strength by ~7%. Due to the functionalization of lavender filler with thermally stable flame retardant compounds, such modified PUR composites were characterized by higher temperatures of thermal decomposition. Most importantly, PUR composites filled with flame retardant compounds exhibited improved flame resistance characteristics-in both cases, the value of peak heat release was reduced by ~50%, while the value of total smoke release was reduced by ~30%.
用2重量%经高岭土（K）和羟基磷灰石（HA）功能化的薰衣草填料对聚氨酯（PUR）复合材料进行改性。研究了薰衣草填料对PUR复合材料所选性能的影响，如流变性能（动态粘度、发泡行为）、机械性能（抗压强度、抗弯强度、冲击强度）、绝缘性能（热导率）、热特性（热分解阶段温度）、阻燃性（如着火时间、极限氧指数、热释放峰值）和性能特性（吸水率、接触角）。在所有改性类型的PUR复合材料中，观察到填充有经高岭土和羟基磷灰石功能化的薰衣草填料的PUR复合材料有最大程度的改善。例如，添加功能化薰衣草填料后，抗压强度提高了约16 - 18%，抗弯强度提高了约9 - 12%，冲击强度提高了约7%。由于薰衣草填料用热稳定的阻燃化合物进行了功能化，这种改性的PUR复合材料具有较高的热分解温度。最重要的是，填充有阻燃化合物的PUR复合材料表现出改善的阻燃特性——在两种情况下，热释放峰值降低了约50%，而总烟雾释放值降低了约30%。
