Zhang Guangyu, Lin Xiaoqi, Zhang Qinqin, Jiang Kaisen, Chen Weisheng, Han Dezhi
State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China.
RSC Adv. 2020 Aug 28;10(53):32156-32161. doi: 10.1039/d0ra06561g. eCollection 2020 Aug 26.
Adding efficient and environmentally friendly flame retardants to polyurethane foams is the preferable way to improve their flame resistance ability. In this work, bio-based rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) were prepared with the addition of dicyclohexyl aluminium hypophosphate (DAH) or aluminium diethyl phosphinate (ADP) as the flame retardant. The mechanical properties, thermal degradation and flammability behavior of the obtained RPUFs were evaluated by means of compressive strength tests, thermogravimetry analysis, vertical burning test and scanning electron microscopes. The characterization results indicate that, with the same content of flame retardant, the compressive strength at the deformation of 10% for each RPUF prepared with the addition of DAH is higher than that of the foams with ADP addition, which fully meets the specifications for building insulation materials. Moreover, the average flame height of each RPUF with the addition of flame retardants is less than 250 mm, whereas the average burning time of RPUF with 15 wt% addition of DAH is only 4.4 s, far less than that (12.5 s) of the foam with the same addition amount of ADP. The RPUFs with DAH addition have the potential advantages for thermal insulation applications in various fields.
在聚氨酯泡沫中添加高效且环保的阻燃剂是提高其阻燃能力的优选方法。在本工作中，以磷酸二环己基铝（DAH）或二乙基次膦酸铝（ADP）作为阻燃剂制备了生物基硬质聚氨酯泡沫（RPUF）。通过抗压强度测试、热重分析、垂直燃烧试验和扫描电子显微镜对所得RPUF的力学性能、热降解和燃烧性能进行了评估。表征结果表明，在阻燃剂含量相同的情况下，添加DAH制备的各RPUF在10%变形时的抗压强度高于添加ADP的泡沫，完全满足建筑保温材料的规格要求。此外，添加阻燃剂的各RPUF的平均火焰高度小于250 mm，而添加15 wt% DAH的RPUF的平均燃烧时间仅为4.4 s，远低于添加相同量ADP的泡沫的燃烧时间（12.5 s）。添加DAH的RPUF在各个领域的保温应用中具有潜在优势。
