Miller S M, Brody D S, Summerton J
Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1988 Jan;54(1):142-8. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.54.1.142.
We explored individual differences in health-seeking behavior and health status in a primary care population. Specifically, we compared high monitors (those who typically scan for threat-relevant information) with low monitors (those who typically ignore threat-relevant information), while controlling for depression. Overall, high monitors came to the physician with less severe medical problems than did low monitors. Nevertheless, high monitors reported equivalent levels of discomfort, dysfunction, and distress compared with low monitors. Furthermore, during the week following their visit, high monitors expressed less symptom improvement in both physical and psychological problems than did low monitors. Finally, high monitors demanded more tests, information, and counseling during their visit than did their low monitoring counterparts, yet desired a less active role in their own care. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
我们在初级保健人群中探究了寻求健康行为和健康状况的个体差异。具体而言，我们在控制抑郁因素的同时，将高监控者（那些通常会搜寻与威胁相关信息的人）与低监控者（那些通常会忽略与威胁相关信息的人）进行了比较。总体而言，与低监控者相比，高监控者来看医生时所患的医疗问题没那么严重。然而，与低监控者相比，高监控者报告的不适、功能障碍和痛苦程度相当。此外，在就诊后的一周内，与低监控者相比，高监控者在身体和心理问题上症状改善得更少。最后，与低监控者相比，高监控者在就诊期间要求进行更多的检查、获取更多信息并接受更多咨询，但他们希望在自身护理中发挥的积极作用更小。我们讨论了这些发现的理论和实际意义。
