Rose R J, Koskenvuo M, Kaprio J, Sarna S, Langinvainio H
Department of Psychology, Indiana University, Bloomington 47405.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1988 Jan;54(1):161-71. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.54.1.161.
Similarities for Extraversion (E) and Neuroticism (N) scale scores from the Eysenck Personality Inventory were evaluated in 7,144 adult twin pairs, drawn from the population-based Finnish Twin Cohort, as a function of the co-twins' genetic resemblance, gender, age, and the frequency of their social interaction with each other. To separate effects of shared genes from those of shared experience, we performed hierarchical multiple regressions of double-entry data matrices. Results establish the predictive significance of both genetic and experiential influences: Genetic effects remained significant when tested after the effects of social contact were first removed; conversely, for N scores, the effects of social contact remained significant when assessed after genetic influences were first removed. These findings establish genetic variance in major dimensions of adult personality but assign a significant role to common experience as well. The first finding constructively replicates reports by others; the second challenges the widespread assumption that shared experiences have a negligible impact on sibling similarity in adult personality.
从基于人群的芬兰双胞胎队列中抽取了7144对成年双胞胎，根据双胞胎的基因相似性、性别、年龄以及他们彼此之间社交互动的频率，对艾森克人格问卷中外向性（E）和神经质（N）量表得分的相似性进行了评估。为了区分共享基因和共享经历的影响，我们对双输入数据矩阵进行了分层多元回归。结果确定了基因和经验影响的预测意义：在首先消除社会接触的影响后进行测试时，基因影响仍然显著；相反，对于N得分，在首先消除基因影响后进行评估时，社会接触的影响仍然显著。这些发现确定了成人个性主要维度中的基因差异，但也赋予了共同经历重要作用。第一个发现建设性地重复了其他人的报告；第二个发现挑战了一种普遍的假设，即共享经历对成年个性中兄弟姐妹的相似性影响可忽略不计。
