McCann T, Sheehan P W
University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1988 Feb;54(2):339-46. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.54.2.339.
Three studies are reported in a program of research that investigated a range of parameters affecting individual differences in the incidence of hypnotically induced pseudomemory among hypnotizable subjects. Study 1 replicated Laurence and Perry's (1983b) base rates for hypnotically induced pseudomemory response among hypnotizable subjects; in Study 2 the same response was analyzed under more strictly controlled stimulus conditions. Study 3 was an investigation of the impact of a broader range of stimulus events on response and a more sensitive test of the hypothesis that individual differences in pseudomemory effects are tied essentially to the social context of hypnosis. In all three studies, independent groups of subjects were tested who were highly responsive to hypnotic suggestion. Data indicated that the incidence of pseudomemory response was stable and consistent when stringent criteria of scoring were adopted. Also, for some subjects, real and suggested memories were maintained at one and the same time when hypnotically induced memory was examined in different test settings, suggesting that pseudomemories do not permanently overlay real experience. Overall, contextual factors appeared to play a major role among susceptible subjects in determining the nature and incidence of hypnotically induced pseudomemories.
在一项研究计划中报告了三项研究，该计划调查了一系列影响可催眠受试者中催眠诱导伪记忆发生率个体差异的参数。研究1重复了劳伦斯和佩里（1983b）关于可催眠受试者中催眠诱导伪记忆反应的基础比率；在研究2中，在更严格控制的刺激条件下分析了相同的反应。研究3调查了更广泛的刺激事件对反应的影响，以及对伪记忆效应个体差异本质上与催眠社会背景相关这一假设的更敏感测试。在所有三项研究中，对高度响应催眠暗示的独立受试者组进行了测试。数据表明，当采用严格的评分标准时，伪记忆反应的发生率是稳定且一致的。此外，对于一些受试者，当在不同测试环境中检查催眠诱导记忆时，真实记忆和暗示记忆会同时存在，这表明伪记忆不会永久覆盖真实经历。总体而言，情境因素似乎在易受影响的受试者中对决定催眠诱导伪记忆的性质和发生率起着主要作用。
