Halliwell Richard, Pucheu-Haston Cherie M, Olivry Thierry, Prost Christine, Jackson Hilary, Banovic Frane, Nuttall Tim, Santoro Domenico, Bizikova Petra, Mueller Ralf S
Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, EH25 9RG, UK.
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, 1909 Skip Bertman Drive, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA.
Vet Dermatol. 2021 Feb;32(1):8-e2. doi: 10.1111/vde.12899.
Feline allergic diseases present as challenging problems for clinicians, not least because of the number of reaction patterns of the feline skin, none of which are specific for allergy. Furthermore, there is some controversy over the nomenclature that should be used in their description.
To review the literature, assess the status of knowledge of the topic and the extent to which these diseases could be categorized as atopic in nature, and make recommendations concerning nomenclature.
Atopic diseases in humans and cats were researched. A comparison then was made of the essential features in the two species.
There were sufficient similarities between human atopic diseases and the manifestations of feline diseases of presumed allergic aetiology to justify the use of "atopic" to describe some of the feline conditions affecting the skin, respiratory and gastrointestinal tract. However, none of the allergic skin diseases showed features consistent with atopic dermatitis as described in man and the dog.
The term "Feline Atopic Syndrome" (FAS) is proposed to encompass allergic diseases of the skin, gastrointestinal tract and respiratory tract, and "Feline atopic skin syndrome" (FASS) proposed to describe allergic skin disease associated with environmental allergies. We are not aware of any adverse food reactions in cats that are attributable to causes other than immunological reactions against the food itself. We therefore propose an aetiological definition of "Food Allergy" (FA) to describe such cases.
猫过敏性疾病给临床医生带来了具有挑战性的问题，尤其是因为猫皮肤的反应模式种类繁多，且没有一种反应模式是过敏所特有的。此外，在描述这些疾病时应使用的命名法也存在一些争议。
回顾文献，评估该主题的知识现状以及这些疾病在本质上可被归类为特应性疾病的程度，并就命名法提出建议。
对人类和猫的特应性疾病进行研究。然后比较这两个物种的基本特征。
人类特应性疾病与推测为过敏性病因的猫科疾病表现之间存在足够的相似性，足以证明使用“特应性”来描述一些影响皮肤、呼吸道和胃肠道的猫科疾病是合理的。然而，没有一种过敏性皮肤病表现出与人类和犬类中所描述的特应性皮炎一致的特征。
建议使用“猫特应性综合征”（FAS）来涵盖皮肤、胃肠道和呼吸道的过敏性疾病，并使用“猫特应性皮肤综合征”（FASS）来描述与环境过敏相关的过敏性皮肤病。我们不知道猫有任何除针对食物本身的免疫反应之外的其他原因导致的食物不良反应。因此，我们提出“食物过敏”（FA）的病因学定义来描述此类病例。
