Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Chemnitzer Str. 46, 01187, Dresden, Germany.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Nußbaumstr. 7, 80336, Munich, Germany.
Community Ment Health J. 2021 Nov;57(8):1505-1517. doi: 10.1007/s10597-020-00767-5. Epub 2021 Jan 20.
Although effective therapies exist, treatment rates of anxiety disorders (AD) are low, raising the question why affected individuals do not receive treatment. We provide data from the nationally representative German Health Interview and Examination Survey-2011 (DEGS1) on the help-seeking behavior and perceived treatment barriers of 650 subjects with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders' (DSM-IV AD). Only 26% of all cases with AD in the community reported having had contact with mental health services because of their anxiety problems in their lifetime. 16% were currently receiving professional help, most frequently by psychotherapists (8%), psychiatrists (5%) and general practitioners (5%). 40% of all cases never even considered seeking help and 31% reported barriers to treatment, such as self-reliance (18%) or beliefs that treatments were ineffective (9%), unavailable (8%) or too stigmatizing (7%). Measures to increase treatment rates should thus target individual as well as public attitudes and health literacy to increase awareness of and access to evidence-based interventions.
尽管存在有效的治疗方法，但焦虑障碍 (AD) 的治疗率仍然很低，这引发了一个问题，即为什么受影响的个体没有接受治疗。我们提供了来自全国代表性的德国健康访谈和体检调查-2011（DEGS1）的数据，该调查涉及 650 名被诊断为《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第 4 版（DSM-IV AD）的 AD 患者的求助行为和感知治疗障碍。只有 26%的社区中所有患有 AD 的病例报告称，由于他们的焦虑问题，他们一生中曾接触过心理健康服务。16%的人目前正在接受专业帮助，最常见的是通过心理治疗师（8%）、精神科医生（5%）和全科医生（5%）。40%的病例从未考虑过寻求帮助，31%的病例报告了治疗障碍，如自力更生（18%）或认为治疗无效（9%）、无法获得（8%）或污名化太严重（7%）。因此，提高治疗率的措施应该针对个人和公众的态度以及健康素养，以提高对循证干预措施的认识和获得。
