Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Heath, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran.
Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
BMC Psychiatry. 2021 Jan 20;21(1):49. doi: 10.1186/s12888-021-03052-1.
Corona virus epidemic may be acts as a stressor or trauma that affects both physical health and mental health. People exhibited various reactive behaviors to confront with this stressful situation. In Iran, one of the common motives for alcohol consumption is to scape problems and cope with stresses. It has been shown that personality factors influence alcohol consumption, since they are associated with drinking motives. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between temperament and character and alcohol abuse.
This cross-section study was conducted on 135 alcohol intoxicated patients admitted to emergency room in March 2020 and 255 participants who were randomly selected from public in Shiraz. A questionnaire consisted of TCI (Temperament and character inventory) and several questions about COVID-19 pandemic. It was completed by a trained interviewer using the matched answer technique. Demographic factors were self-reported.
Among the alcohol intoxicated group, 117 (86.7%) were males and 18(13.3%) were females. The mean age of the participants was 32.43 ± 10.81 years. Among control group, 99 (38.8%) were males and 156 (61.2%) were females. The mean age of control group was 33.12 ± 14.77 years. Alcohol toxicity was mostly observed among the young males (male/female ratio was 6.45). According to temperament and character index, mean scores of novelty seeking, harm avoidant, and self-transcendence were higher in the alcohol toxicity group than normal population (P < 0.01). Mean scores of reward dependent, cooperativeness, and self-directedness were higher in normal population than the alcohol toxicity group (P < 0.001). The mean score of persistence was not significantly different between methanol intoxicated and normal population groups (P = 0.718).
Alcohol intoxicated patients had higher scores of novelty-seeking and self-transcendence and lower scores of reward-dependency scores, cooperativeness and self-directedness. These scores are associated with higher likelihood of personality disorders.
新冠疫情可能是一种应激源或创伤，影响身心健康。人们表现出各种反应行为来应对这种压力情况。在伊朗，饮酒的常见动机之一是逃避问题和应对压力。已经表明，人格因素会影响饮酒，因为它们与饮酒动机有关。本研究的主要目的是调查气质和性格与酗酒之间的相关性。
这是一项横断面研究，于 2020 年 3 月对 135 名急诊室酒精中毒患者和 255 名随机从设拉子公众中选择的参与者进行了调查。问卷包括 TCI（气质和性格量表）和一些关于 COVID-19 大流行的问题。由经过培训的访谈者使用匹配答案技术完成。人口统计学因素由参与者自行报告。
在酒精中毒组中，117 名（86.7%）为男性，18 名（13.3%）为女性。参与者的平均年龄为 32.43±10.81 岁。在对照组中，99 名（38.8%）为男性，156 名（61.2%）为女性。对照组的平均年龄为 33.12±14.77 岁。酒精中毒主要发生在年轻男性中（男/女比例为 6.45）。根据气质和性格指数，在酒精中毒组中，新奇寻求、回避伤害和自我超越的平均得分高于正常人群（P<0.01）。在正常人群中，奖赏依赖、合作性和自我导向性的平均得分高于酒精中毒组（P<0.001）。甲醇中毒组和正常人群组的持久性平均得分无显著差异（P=0.718）。
酒精中毒患者的新奇寻求和自我超越得分较高，奖赏依赖、合作性和自我导向性得分较低。这些评分与人格障碍的可能性增加有关。
