Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Arch Osteoporos. 2021 Jan 21;16(1):16. doi: 10.1007/s11657-020-00872-8.
In a large population-based study of Iran, the age-standardized prevalence of osteoporosis was 24.6% in men and 62.7% in women aged ≥ 60 years. Osteoporosis was negatively associated with body mass index in both sexes, and with diabetes in men and hypertriglyceridemia in women.
Population aging has made osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures an important health problem, especially in developing countries. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of osteoporosis and associated factors among the elderly population of the south-west of Iran.
Baseline data of the second stage of the Bushehr Elderly Health program was used. Spinal, total hip, or femoral neck osteoporosis was described as a BMD that lies 2.5 standard deviations or more, below the average values of a young healthy adult in the lumbar spine, total hip, or femoral neck, respectively. Osteoporosis at either site was defined as total osteoporosis. Age-standardized prevalence of osteoporosis was estimated. We used the modified Poisson regression with a robust variance estimator to identify the factors related to osteoporosis, adjusting for potential confounders.
Overall, 2425 individuals (1166 men) aged over 60 years were included. In all, total osteoporosis was detected in 1006 (41.5%) of the participants. Using the reference value derived from Caucasian women aged 20-29 years, the age-standardized prevalence of total osteoporosis was 24.6 (95% CI: 21.9-27.3) in men, and 62.7 (95% CI: 60.0-65.4) in women. In men, osteoporosis was positively associated with age, smoking, history of fracture, and history of renal/liver diseases and negatively associated with body mass index (BMI) and diabetes. BMI, hypertriglyceridemia, and education were negatively correlated with osteoporosis in women, while years after menopause and history of fracture increased the likelihood of osteoporosis, significantly.
Results support the high prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia in the elderly population. Considering the importance of severe complications, especially fractures, comprehensive interventions should be expanded.
人口老龄化使骨质疏松症和骨质疏松性骨折成为一个重要的健康问题，尤其是在发展中国家。本研究旨在探讨伊朗西南部老年人群骨质疏松症的患病率及其相关因素。
本研究使用了布什尔老年健康计划第二阶段的基线数据。脊柱、全髋或股骨颈骨质疏松症被定义为骨密度（BMD）低于年轻健康成年人的腰椎、全髋或股骨颈平均 BMD 2.5 个标准差以上。任何部位的骨质疏松症均定义为总体骨质疏松症。估计了骨质疏松症的年龄标准化患病率。我们使用了改良的泊松回归模型，并采用稳健方差估计量来确定与骨质疏松症相关的因素，同时调整了潜在的混杂因素。
共纳入了 2425 名（1166 名男性）年龄在 60 岁以上的个体。共有 1006 名（41.5%）参与者患有总体骨质疏松症。使用来自 20-29 岁白种女性的参考值，男性总体骨质疏松症的年龄标准化患病率为 24.6%（95%CI：21.9-27.3），女性为 62.7%（95%CI：60.0-65.4）。在男性中，骨质疏松症与年龄、吸烟、骨折史、肾脏/肝脏疾病史呈正相关，与体质指数（BMI）和糖尿病呈负相关。在女性中，BMI、高甘油三酯血症和教育程度与骨质疏松症呈负相关，而绝经后年限和骨折史增加了骨质疏松症的可能性，且具有统计学意义。
结果支持老年人群中骨质疏松症和骨量减少的高患病率。考虑到严重并发症的重要性，尤其是骨折，应扩大综合干预措施。
