Liverpool John Moores University.
Edge Hill University.
Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2021 Mar 1;31(2):125-134. doi: 10.1123/ijsnem.2020-0216. Epub 2021 Jan 20.
The remote food photography method, often referred to as "Snap-N-Send" by sport nutritionists, has been reported as a valid method to assess energy intake in athletic populations. However, preliminary studies were not conducted in true free-living conditions, and dietary assessment was performed by one researcher only. The authors, therefore, assessed the validity of Snap-N-Send to assess the energy and macronutrient composition in experienced (EXP, n = 23) and inexperienced (INEXP, n = 25) sport nutritionists. The participants analyzed 2 days of dietary photographs, comprising eight meals. Day 1 consisted of "simple" meals based around easily distinguishable foods (i.e., chicken breast and rice), and Day 2 consisted of "complex" meals, containing "hidden" ingredients (i.e., chicken curry). The estimates of dietary intake were analyzed for validity using one-sample t tests and typical error of estimates (TEE). The INEXP and EXP nutritionists underestimated energy intake for the simple day (mean difference [MD] = -1.5 MJ, TEE = 10.1%; -1.2 MJ, TEE = 9.3%, respectively) and the complex day (MD = -1.2 MJ, TEE = 17.8%; MD = -0.6 MJ, 14.3%, respectively). Carbohydrate intake was underestimated by INEXP (MD = -65.5 g/day, TEE = 10.8% and MD = -28.7 g/day, TEE = 24.4%) and EXP (MD = -53.4 g/day, TEE = 10.1% and -19.9 g/day, TEE = 17.5%) for both the simple and complex days, respectively. Interpractitioner reliability was generally "poor" for energy and macronutrients. The data demonstrate that the remote food photography method/Snap-N-Send underestimates energy intake in simple and complex meals, and these errors are evident in the EXP and INEXP sport nutritionists.
远程食物拍摄法，通常被运动营养学家称为“拍摄并发送”，已被报道为一种评估运动员群体能量摄入的有效方法。然而，初步研究并非在真正的自由生活条件下进行，且膳食评估仅由一位研究人员进行。因此，作者评估了“拍摄并发送”远程食物拍摄法来评估经验丰富（EXP，n=23）和无经验（INEXP，n=25）运动营养师的能量和宏量营养素组成的有效性。参与者分析了两天的膳食照片，共包含八餐。第一天的膳食由容易区分的食物（如鸡胸肉和米饭）组成，第二天的膳食则由“隐藏”食材的复杂餐点组成（如鸡肉咖喱）。使用单样本 t 检验和典型估计误差（TEE）分析膳食摄入量的估计值的有效性。INEXP 和 EXP 营养师低估了简单日（MD=-1.5 MJ，TEE=10.1%；MD=-1.2 MJ，TEE=9.3%）和复杂日（MD=-1.2 MJ，TEE=17.8%；MD=-0.6 MJ，TEE=14.3%）的能量摄入。INEXP 营养师低估了简单日和复杂日的碳水化合物摄入（MD=-65.5 g/天，TEE=10.8%和 MD=-28.7 g/天，TEE=24.4%），EXP 营养师则分别低估了简单日和复杂日的碳水化合物摄入（MD=-53.4 g/天，TEE=10.1%和 MD=-19.9 g/天，TEE=17.5%）。简单日和复杂日的能量和宏量营养素的从业者间可靠性通常为“差”。数据表明，远程食物拍摄法/Snap-N-Send 低估了简单和复杂餐点的能量摄入，并且这些错误在经验丰富和无经验的运动营养师中都很明显。
