Teo Andrea York Tiang, Xiang Xiaoqiang, Le Minh Tn, Wong Andrea Li-Ann, Zeng Qi, Wang Lingzhi, Goh Boon-Cher
Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.
Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore.
Cancers (Basel). 2021 Jan 18;13(2):337. doi: 10.3390/cancers13020337.
Distant organ metastases accounts for the majority of breast cancer deaths. Given the prevalence of breast cancer in women, it is imperative to understand the underlying mechanisms of its metastatic progression and identify potential targets for therapy. Since their discovery in 1993, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important regulators of tumour progression and metastasis in various cancers, playing either oncogenic or tumour suppressor roles. In the following review, we discuss the roles of miRNAs that potentiate four key areas of breast cancer metastasis-angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, the Warburg effect and the tumour microenvironment. We then evaluate the recent developments in miRNA-based therapies in breast cancer, which have shown substantial promise in controlling tumour progression and metastasis. Yet, certain challenges must be overcome before these strategies can be implemented in clinical trials.
远处器官转移是乳腺癌死亡的主要原因。鉴于乳腺癌在女性中的发病率，了解其转移进展的潜在机制并确定潜在的治疗靶点至关重要。自1993年被发现以来，微小RNA（miRNA）已成为各种癌症中肿瘤进展和转移的重要调节因子，发挥致癌或抑癌作用。在以下综述中，我们讨论了miRNA在促进乳腺癌转移的四个关键领域——血管生成、上皮-间质转化、瓦伯格效应和肿瘤微环境中的作用。然后，我们评估了基于miRNA的乳腺癌治疗的最新进展，这些进展在控制肿瘤进展和转移方面显示出巨大的前景。然而，在这些策略能够在临床试验中实施之前，必须克服某些挑战。
