Matjuda Edna N, Engwa Godwill A, Anye Samuel Nkeh Chungag, Nkeh-Chungag Benedicta N, Goswami Nandu
Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University PBX1, Mthatha 5117, South Africa.
Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Walter Sisulu University PBX1, Mthatha 5117, South Africa.
J Clin Med. 2021 Jan 19;10(2):354. doi: 10.3390/jcm10020354.
Vascular dysfunction is known to be an initiator of the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, there is paucity of information on the relationship of vascular dysfunction with cardiovascular risk factors in children of African ancestry. This study investigated the relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and vascular function in South African children of African ancestry. A cross-sectional study on 6-9-year-old children in randomly selected rural and urban schools of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa was conducted. General anthropometric indices were measured, followed by blood pressure (BP) measurements. The pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured using a Vicorder. Albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), 8-hydroxy-2deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) were assayed in urine. Children from urban settings (10.8%) had a higher prevalence of overweight/obesity than their rural counterparts (8.5%) while the prevalence of elevated/high blood pressure was higher in rural (23.2%) than urban children (19.0%). Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) increased with increasing PWV ( < 0.05). Body mass index (BMI), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) positively associated ( < 0.05) with PWV. Creatinine, albumin and ACR significantly ( < 0.005) increased with increasing ADMA. ADMA associated positively ( < 0.05) with creatinine and 8-OHdG. In conclusion, vascular dysfunction was associated with obesity, high blood pressure, oxidative stress and microalbuminuria in South African children of African ancestry.
血管功能障碍是已知的心血管疾病（CVD）发生和发展的起始因素。然而，关于非洲裔儿童血管功能障碍与心血管危险因素之间的关系，目前信息匮乏。本研究调查了南非非洲裔儿童心血管危险因素与血管功能之间的关系。在南非东开普省随机选择的农村和城市学校中，对6至9岁儿童进行了一项横断面研究。测量了一般人体测量指标，随后测量了血压（BP）。使用Vicorder测量脉搏波速度（PWV）。检测了尿中的白蛋白与肌酐比值（ACR）、不对称二甲基精氨酸（ADMA）、8-羟基-2-脱氧鸟苷（8-OHdG）和硫代巴比妥酸反应物质（TBARS）。城市儿童超重/肥胖的患病率（10.8%）高于农村儿童（8.5%），而农村儿童高血压患病率（23.2%）高于城市儿童（19.0%）。平均动脉血压（MAP）和舒张压（DBP）随PWV升高而升高（P<0.05）。体重指数（BMI）、舒张压（DBP）和平均动脉血压（MAP）与PWV呈正相关（P<0.05）。肌酐、白蛋白和ACR随ADMA升高而显著升高（P<0.005）。ADMA与肌酐和8-OHdG呈正相关（P<0.05）。总之，在南非非洲裔儿童中，血管功能障碍与肥胖、高血压、氧化应激和微量白蛋白尿有关。
