Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany.
Department of Materials Test Engineering (WPT), TU Dortmund University, Baroper Str. 303, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jan 19;22(2):971. doi: 10.3390/ijms22020971.
Magnesium (Mg)-based biomaterials hold considerable promise for applications in regenerative medicine. However, the degradation of Mg needs to be reduced to control toxicity caused by its rapid natural corrosion. In the process of developing new Mg alloys with various surface modifications, an efficient assessment of the relevant properties is essential. In the present study, a WE43 Mg alloy with a plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO)-generated surface was investigated. Surface microstructure, hydrogen gas evolution in immersion tests and cytocompatibility were assessed. In addition, a novel in vitro immunological test using primary human lymphocytes was introduced. On PEO-treated WE43, a larger number of pores and microcracks, as well as increased roughness, were observed compared to untreated WE43. Hydrogen gas evolution after two weeks was reduced by 40.7% through PEO treatment, indicating a significantly reduced corrosion rate. In contrast to untreated WE43, PEO-treated WE43 exhibited excellent cytocompatibility. After incubation for three days, untreated WE43 killed over 90% of lymphocytes while more than 80% of the cells were still vital after incubation with the PEO-treated WE43. PEO-treated WE43 slightly stimulated the activation, proliferation and toxin (perforin and granzyme B) expression of CD8 T cells. This study demonstrates that the combined assessment of corrosion, cytocompatibility and immunological effects on primary human lymphocytes provide a comprehensive and effective procedure for characterizing Mg variants with tailorable degradation and other features. PEO-treated WE43 is a promising candidate for further development as a degradable biomaterial.
镁（Mg）基生物材料在再生医学应用中具有很大的潜力。然而，需要降低镁的降解速度，以控制其快速自然腐蚀引起的毒性。在开发具有各种表面改性的新型镁合金的过程中，对相关性能进行有效的评估是至关重要的。在本研究中，研究了一种经过等离子体电解氧化（PEO）处理的 WE43 镁合金。评估了表面微观结构、浸出试验中的氢气逸出和细胞相容性。此外，还引入了一种使用原代人淋巴细胞的新型体外免疫测试。与未经处理的 WE43 相比，在经过 PEO 处理的 WE43 上观察到更多的孔和微裂纹以及更高的粗糙度。经过两周的 PEO 处理，氢气逸出量减少了 40.7%，表明腐蚀速率显著降低。与未经处理的 WE43 相比，经过 PEO 处理的 WE43 表现出优异的细胞相容性。未经处理的 WE43 在孵育三天后杀死了超过 90%的淋巴细胞，而经过 PEO 处理的 WE43 孵育后，超过 80%的细胞仍然存活。PEO 处理的 WE43 轻微刺激 CD8 T 细胞的激活、增殖和毒素（穿孔素和颗粒酶 B）表达。本研究表明，对原代人淋巴细胞的腐蚀、细胞相容性和免疫效应的综合评估，为具有可定制降解和其他特性的镁变体的特性提供了一种全面有效的方法。PEO 处理的 WE43 是一种很有前途的可降解生物材料候选物。
