Mileva Milka, Ilieva Yana, Jovtchev Gabriele, Gateva Svetla, Zaharieva Maya Margaritova, Georgieva Almira, Dimitrova Lyudmila, Dobreva Ana, Angelova Tsveta, Vilhelmova-Ilieva Nelly, Valcheva Violeta, Najdenski Hristo
The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 26 Acad. G. Bontchev Str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, 2 Gagarin Str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Biomolecules. 2021 Jan 19;11(1):127. doi: 10.3390/biom11010127.
Plants from the Rosacea family are rich in natural molecules with beneficial biological properties, and they are widely appreciated and used in the food industry, perfumery, and cosmetics. In this review, we are considering Mill., L., L., and L. as raw materials important for producing commercial products, analyzing and comparing the main biological activities of their essential oils, hydrolates, and extracts. A literature search was performed to find materials describing (i) botanical characteristics; (ii) the phytochemical profile; and (iii) biological properties of the essential oil sand extracts of these so called "old roses" that are cultivated in Bulgaria, Turkey, India, and the Middle East. The information used is from databases PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. Roses have beneficial healing properties due to their richness of beneficial components, the secondary metabolites as flavonoids (e.g., flavones, flavonols, anthocyanins), fragrant components (essential oils, e.g., monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes), and hydrolysable and condensed tannins. Rose essential oils and extracts with their therapeutic properties-as respiratory antiseptics, anti-inflammatories, mucolytics, expectorants, decongestants, and antioxidants-are able to act as symptomatic prophylactics and drugs, and in this way alleviate dramatic sufferings during severe diseases.
蔷薇科植物富含具有有益生物学特性的天然分子，在食品工业、香水业和化妆品行业中广受青睐并被广泛应用。在本综述中，我们将[具体植物名称1]、[具体植物名称2]、[具体植物名称3]和[具体植物名称4]视为生产商业产品的重要原材料，分析并比较它们的精油、纯露和提取物的主要生物活性。我们进行了文献检索，以查找描述（i）植物特征；（ii）植物化学概况；以及（iii）这些在保加利亚、土耳其、印度和中东地区种植的所谓“古老玫瑰”的精油和提取物的生物学特性的资料。所使用的信息来自PubMed、ScienceDirect和谷歌学术数据库。玫瑰因其富含有益成分而具有有益的治疗特性，这些有益成分包括作为次生代谢产物的黄酮类化合物（如黄酮、黄酮醇、花青素）、芳香成分（精油，如单萜、倍半萜）以及可水解单宁和缩合单宁。玫瑰精油和提取物具有治疗特性——作为呼吸道防腐剂、抗炎剂、黏液溶解剂、祛痰剂、减充血剂和抗氧化剂——能够作为对症预防药物发挥作用，从而缓解重症期间的剧烈痛苦。
