Sahyoun N R, Otradovec C L, Hartz S C, Jacob R A, Peters H, Russell R M, McGandy R B
USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1988 Mar;47(3):524-33. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/47.3.524.
A dietary and biochemical assessment of the nutritional status of 260 elderly men and women, 60-101 y (average 80.5 y), was conducted in 15 long-term-care facilities in the Boston area. Subjects were free of clinically apparent terminal or wasting illness. Nutrient intakes were comparable to those in a simultaneously studied free-living population as were most biochemical markers of nutrient status. Although no specific nutrient deficiencies were identified, blood levels of vitamin A and retinol-binding protein in males and of zinc in both sexes were lower in this institutionalized group than in the free-living subjects. Hematologic indices, albumin, prealbumin, and transferrin levels were also lower than in noninstitutionalized elderly populations. These differences may reflect the greater prevalence of chronic diseases and medication use in a long-term-care population. However, there is no evidence that institutionalization in itself leads to impairment of nutritional status.
在波士顿地区的15家长期护理机构中，对260名60 - 101岁（平均80.5岁）的老年男性和女性进行了饮食和生化营养状况评估。受试者无明显的终末期或消瘦疾病。营养摄入量与同时研究的自由生活人群相当，大多数营养状况的生化指标也是如此。虽然未发现特定的营养素缺乏，但该机构化人群中男性的维生素A和视黄醇结合蛋白水平以及男女两性的锌水平均低于自由生活的受试者。血液学指标、白蛋白、前白蛋白和转铁蛋白水平也低于非机构化老年人群。这些差异可能反映了长期护理人群中慢性病和药物使用的患病率更高。然而，没有证据表明机构化本身会导致营养状况受损。
