Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Int J Clin Pract. 2021 May;75(5):e14035. doi: 10.1111/ijcp.14035. Epub 2021 Feb 11.
Inflammatory bowel disease, a chronic inflammatory disorder of the intestinal mucosa, is a clinical presentation of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (UC). This study investigated the effect of grounded flaxseed (GF) and flaxseed oil (FO) on clinical biomarkers, quality of life and diseases activity in patients with UC. This research was conducted among 90 patients with UC for 12 weeks using an open-labelled randomised controlled trial design.
The participants were randomly assigned into two intervention groups supplemented with GF (30 gr/day) and FO (10 gr/day) as well as a control group. The participants' data were collected prior to and 12 weeks after the intervention. The one-way analysis of variance was run to compare variables.
A total of 75 patients completed the study. After the intervention, hs-CRP (P < .001) and Mayo score (P < .001) were reduced significantly, but quality of life was increased significantly (P < .001) in the GF and FO groups compared with the control. A significant increase was observed in IL-10 concentration in the FO group, but no significant change was found in serum levels of IL-10 in the control group. Moreover, the decrease in Mayo score was greater in patients at more severe stages of the disease (P < .05). No difference was observed between the intervention groups and control group in mRNA expression level of TLR4 at the 12th week.
In conclusion, grounded flaxseed and FO attenuated systemic inflammation and improved disease severity in UC patients.
炎症性肠病是一种慢性肠道黏膜炎症性疾病，是克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎（UC）的临床表现。本研究旨在探讨整粒亚麻籽（GF）和亚麻籽油（FO）对 UC 患者临床生物标志物、生活质量和疾病活动的影响。本研究采用开放标签随机对照试验设计，对 90 例 UC 患者进行了 12 周的研究。
将参与者随机分为两组，分别补充 GF（30 克/天）和 FO（10 克/天）以及对照组。在干预前和干预 12 周后收集参与者的数据。采用单因素方差分析比较变量。
共有 75 名患者完成了研究。干预后，GF 和 FO 组的 hs-CRP（P<.001）和 Mayo 评分（P<.001）显著降低，而生活质量显著提高（P<.001），与对照组相比。FO 组 IL-10 浓度显著升高，但对照组血清 IL-10 水平无明显变化。此外，疾病严重程度较高的患者 Mayo 评分下降幅度更大（P<.05）。在第 12 周时，干预组与对照组 TLR4 的 mRNA 表达水平无差异。
总之，整粒亚麻籽和 FO 可减轻 UC 患者的全身炎症反应，改善疾病严重程度。
