表观遗传学与心血管疾病中的 microRNAs

Epigenetics and microRNAs in cardiovascular diseases.

机构信息

Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, the Netherlands.

出版信息

Genomics. 2021 Mar;113(2):540-551. doi: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.12.042. Epub 2021 Jan 20.

DOI:10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.12.042

PMID:33482325

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases are among the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Besides environmental and genetic changes, these disorders can be influenced by processes which do not affect DNA sequence yet still play an important role in gene expression and which can be inherited. These so-called 'epigenetic' changes include DNA methylation, histone modifications, and ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling enzymes, which influence chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Next to these, microRNAs are non-coding RNA molecules that silence genes post-transcriptionally. Both epigenetic factors and microRNAs are known to influence cardiac development and homeostasis, in an individual fashion but also in a complex regulatory network. In this review, we will discuss how epigenetic factors and microRNAs interact with each other and how together they can influence cardiovascular diseases.

摘要

心血管疾病是全球范围内导致死亡的主要原因之一。除了环境和遗传变化外，这些疾病还可能受到不影响 DNA 序列但仍对基因表达发挥重要作用并可遗传的过程的影响。这些所谓的“表观遗传”变化包括 DNA 甲基化、组蛋白修饰和 ATP 依赖性染色质重塑酶，它们影响染色质重塑和基因表达。除了这些，microRNAs 是一种非编码 RNA 分子，可在后转录水平上使基因沉默。表观遗传因素和 microRNAs 都已知会以个体方式影响心脏发育和稳态，也会以复杂的调控网络方式影响。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论表观遗传因素和 microRNAs 如何相互作用，以及它们如何共同影响心血管疾病。