Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.
Bureau of Landscape and Forestry, Mi Yun District, Beijing, 101500, China.
Sci Rep. 2021 Jan 22;11(1):2115. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-80445-4.
Glyphosate, the active ingredient of the most widely used commercial herbicide formulation, is extensively used and produced in China. Previous studies have reported sublethal effects of glyphosate on honeybees. However, the effects of commercially formulated glyphosate (CFG) at the recommended concentration (RC) on the chronic toxicity of honeybees, especially on their behaviours, remain unknown. In this study, a series of behavioural experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of CFG on honeybees. The results showed that there was a significant decline in water responsiveness at 1/2 × , 1 × and 2 × the RC after 3 h of exposure to CFG for 11 days. The CFG significantly reduced sucrose responsiveness at 1/2 × and 1 × the RC. In addition, CFG significantly affected olfactory learning ability at 1/2 × , 1 × , and 2 × the RC and negatively affected memory ability at 1/2 × and 1 × the RC. The climbing ability of honeybees also significantly decreased at 1/2 × , 1 × and 2 × the RC. Our findings indicated that, after they were chronically exposed to CFG at the RC, honeybees exhibited behavioural changes. These results provide a theoretical basis for regulating field applications of CFG, which is necessary for establishing an early warning and notification system and for protecting honeybees.
草甘膦是使用最广泛的商业除草剂配方中的活性成分，在中国广泛使用和生产。先前的研究报告称草甘膦对蜜蜂有亚致死影响。然而，商业配方的草甘膦（CFG）在推荐浓度（RC）下对蜜蜂的慢性毒性，特别是对其行为的影响尚不清楚。在这项研究中，进行了一系列行为实验来研究 CFG 对蜜蜂的影响。结果表明，在接触 CFG 11 天后，蜜蜂在 3 小时内对水的反应性在 1/2×、1×和 2×RC 时显著下降。CFG 在 1/2×和 1×RC 时显著降低了蔗糖的反应性。此外，CFG 在 1/2×、1×和 2×RC 时显著影响嗅觉学习能力，在 1/2×和 1×RC 时显著影响记忆能力。蜜蜂的攀爬能力在 1/2×、1×和 2×RC 时也显著下降。我们的研究结果表明，蜜蜂在 RC 下长期接触 CFG 后表现出行为变化。这些结果为调节 CFG 的田间应用提供了理论依据，这对于建立早期预警和通知系统以及保护蜜蜂是必要的。
