Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Mar;28(11):13055-13071. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-12576-8. Epub 2021 Jan 23.
This study has systematically reviewed all of the research articles about the photocatalytic degradation of pesticides using titanium dioxide (TiO) nanoparticles (NPs) and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Online databases were searched for peer-reviewed research articles and conference proceedings published during 2009-2019, and ultimately 112 eligible articles were included in the review. Fifty-three active ingredients of pesticides and one mixture had been investigated, most of them were organophosphorus (22%), followed by triazine derivatives (11%), chloropyridines (9%), and organochlorines (9%). Sixteen types of TiO with an average photodegradation efficiency of 71% were determined. Based on the type of pesticide and experimental conditions such as irradiation time, the complete photodegradation had been observed. The removal of each group of pesticides has been sufficiently discussed in the article. Effect of experimental conditions on photocatalytic activity has been investigated using linear and polynomial regressions. The strategies to reduce the required energy for this process, doping TiO with metal and non-metal agents, innovative reactor designs, etc., were also discussed. In conclusion, TiO NPs have been successful for degradation of pesticides. Future direction for research incorporates developing and application of heterogeneous doped and immobilized titania having optimized characteristics such as surface area, reactive centers, recombination rate, and phase, and capable to photo-degrade low levels of pesticides residues under solar light in an efficient full-scale size.
本研究系统地回顾了使用二氧化钛（TiO）纳米粒子（NPs）和紫外线（UV）辐射光催化降解农药的所有研究文章。在线数据库中搜索了 2009-2019 年期间发表的同行评议研究文章和会议论文集，最终有 112 篇符合条件的文章被纳入综述。研究中调查了 53 种农药的有效成分和 1 种混合物，其中大多数是有机磷（22%），其次是三嗪衍生物（11%）、氯吡啶（9%）和有机氯（9%）。确定了 16 种 TiO，其平均光降解效率为 71%。根据农药的类型和实验条件（如照射时间），观察到完全光降解。本文充分讨论了每组农药的去除情况。使用线性和多项式回归研究了实验条件对光催化活性的影响。还讨论了降低该过程所需能量的策略，如用金属和非金属试剂掺杂 TiO、创新反应器设计等。总之，TiO NPs 已成功用于降解农药。未来的研究方向包括开发和应用具有优化特性（如表面积、反应中心、复合率和相）的异质掺杂和固定化二氧化钛，使其能够在太阳能下有效降解低浓度的农药残留，实现高效的规模化应用。
