Leonard Julia A, Martinez Dominique N, Dashineau Samantha C, Park Anne T, Mackey Allyson P
University of Pennsylvania.
Child Dev. 2021 Jul;92(4):1325-1336. doi: 10.1111/cdev.13492. Epub 2021 Jan 23.
Children need to learn to persist through challenges, yet adults sometimes step in to solve problems for them. Here, we looked at how adult taking over related to children's persistence. In an observational study (N = 34, ages 4-8), we found that parents who took over more often during a challenging puzzle task rated their children as dispositionally less persistent. To establish whether taking over can cause reduced persistence, we ran two preregistered experiments (N = 150, ages 4-5). Children assigned to a taking over condition persisted less on a subsequent task compared to those in a teaching or a baseline condition. Reframing the context did not ameliorate the negative impact of taking over. The results suggest that taking over impairs children's persistence.
孩子们需要学会在挑战中坚持不懈，但成年人有时会介入为他们解决问题。在此，我们研究了成年人的接管行为与孩子的坚持不懈之间的关系。在一项观察性研究中（N = 34，年龄在4至8岁之间），我们发现，在一项具有挑战性的拼图任务中，接管行为更频繁的父母认为他们的孩子在性格上缺乏坚持不懈的精神。为了确定接管行为是否会导致坚持不懈精神的降低，我们进行了两项预先注册的实验（N = 150，年龄在4至5岁之间）。与处于教学或基线条件下的孩子相比，被分配到接管条件下的孩子在后续任务中的坚持性较差。重新构建情境并不能减轻接管行为的负面影响。结果表明，接管行为会损害孩子的坚持不懈精神。
