Talactac Melbourne Rio, Hernandez Emmanuel Pacia, Hatta Takeshi, Yoshii Kentaro, Kusakisako Kodai, Tsuji Naotoshi, Tanaka Tetsuya
Department of Clinical and Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cavite State University, Cavite, 4122, Philippines.
Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan.
Dev Comp Immunol. 2021 Jun;119:104012. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104012. Epub 2021 Jan 21.
Ticks, being obligate hematophagous arthropods, are exposed to various blood-borne pathogens, including arboviruses. Consequently, their feeding behavior can readily transmit economically important viral pathogens to humans and animals. With this tightly knit vector and pathogen interaction, the replication and transmission of tick-borne viruses (TBVs) must be highly regulated by their respective tick vectors to avoid any adverse effect on the ticks' biological development and viability. Knowledge about the tick-virus interface, although gaining relevant advances in recent years, is advancing at a slower pace than the scientific developments related to mosquito-virus interactions. The unique and complicated feeding behavior of ticks, compared to that of other blood-feeding arthropods, also limits the studies that would further elaborate the antiviral immunity of ticks against TBVs. Hence, knowledge of molecular and cellular immune mechanisms at the tick-virus interface, will further elucidate the successful viral replication of TBVs in ticks and their effective transmission to human and animal hosts.
蜱作为专性吸血节肢动物，会接触到包括虫媒病毒在内的各种血源性病原体。因此，它们的取食行为很容易将具有经济重要性的病毒病原体传播给人类和动物。在这种紧密的媒介与病原体相互作用中，蜱传病毒（TBV）的复制和传播必须受到其各自蜱媒介的高度调控，以避免对蜱的生物学发育和生存能力产生任何不利影响。尽管近年来关于蜱 - 病毒界面的知识取得了相关进展，但其发展速度比与蚊 - 病毒相互作用相关的科学进展要慢。与其他吸血节肢动物相比，蜱独特而复杂的取食行为也限制了进一步阐述蜱对TBV抗病毒免疫的研究。因此，了解蜱 - 病毒界面的分子和细胞免疫机制，将进一步阐明TBV在蜱中的成功病毒复制及其向人类和动物宿主的有效传播。
