Mahajan Rahul, Daroach Manju, De Dipankar, Handa Sanjeev
Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.
Indian J Dermatol. 2020 Nov-Dec;65(6):483-488. doi: 10.4103/ijd.IJD_121_19.
Data on clinical and epidemiologic profile on pediatric alopecia is relatively scarce.
We aimed to study the clinical, epidemiological, and dermoscopic profile of children presenting with alopecia, and assess the responsiveness to different treatment modalities in a real-life setting.
This cohort study involved analyzing children presenting with hair loss during the study period. After a detailed history, clinical, and trichoscopic examination, treatment offered to patients and follow-up response to treatment along with relapse of symptoms were noted.
Around 119 children were included. Nearly 90% were of acquired etiology. The most common cause of alopecia was alopecia areata (AA) in 85 (71%) patients followed by tinea capitis 9 (7.5%), lichen planopilaris 4 (3.3%), and other less common causes. In patients of AA, dermoscopy showed the presence of black dots in 68% cases, exclamation mark hair in 54% of patients followed by off-white dots, yellow dots, and vellus hair. Patients with an acute course and black dots on dermoscopy responded better to treatment. Relapse was common in patients with early age of onset and longer disease duration.
Hair loss is frequently seen in pediatric dermatology clinics. Dermoscopy of pediatric AA shows scarce yellow dots while off-white dots are more frequent; the presence of black dots is a good prognostic indicator.
关于儿童脱发的临床和流行病学资料相对较少。
我们旨在研究脱发儿童的临床、流行病学和皮肤镜特征，并在实际临床环境中评估对不同治疗方式的反应。
这项队列研究包括分析研究期间出现脱发的儿童。在详细询问病史、进行临床和毛发镜检查后，记录给予患者的治疗、治疗的随访反应以及症状复发情况。
纳入了约119名儿童。近90%为后天性病因。脱发最常见的原因是斑秃（AA），85例（71%）患者患有斑秃，其次是头癣9例（7.5%）、扁平苔藓性秃发4例（3.3%）以及其他较不常见的原因。在斑秃患者中，皮肤镜检查显示68%的病例有黑点，54%的患者有惊叹号样毛发，其次是灰白色点、黄色点和毳毛。病程急性且皮肤镜下有黑点的患者对治疗反应更好。发病年龄早且病程长的患者复发常见。
脱发在儿童皮肤科门诊很常见。儿童斑秃的皮肤镜检查显示黄色点较少，而灰白色点更常见；黑点的存在是一个良好的预后指标。
