Joshi Rajesh Subhash, Bandgar Rahul Ramchandra
Department of Ophthalmology, Government Medical College, Nagpur 440012, Maharashtra, India.
Department of Ophthalmology, Shri Vasantrao Naik Government Medical College, Yavatmal 4510001, Maharashtra, India.
Clin Ophthalmol. 2021 Jan 15;15:183-188. doi: 10.2147/OPTH.S277428. eCollection 2021.
To determine the incidence of non-traumatic subconjunctival hemorrhage (NTSH) in Indian rural population and analyze the associated risk factors.
The study included patients diagnosed having subconjunctival hemorrhage (SCH) who attended the out-patient department (OPD) of ophthalmology. Demographic characteristics of subjects included age, gender, medical and ocular history, and location of hemorrhage.
The incidence rate of NTSH in this study was 3.07 per 1000 patients per year attending OPD. The men to women ratio for NTSH was 1.26 (95% CI). The commonest site of presentation was nasal side (n=36, 51.4%). Right eye (n= 37, 54.3%) was affected more than the left eye (n=28, 40%). The analysis showed 24 patients (34.3%) did not have any etiological factor attributable to SCH. Conjunctivochalasis (CCH) was associated in 15 patients (21.4%). An antiplatelet agent was associated with SCH in 7 patients (10%). Other factors associated with SCH were hypertension, leukemia, and anemia (n=6, 8.6%).
This study indicates that NTSH occurs in 3 out of 1000 individuals per year in the rural population presenting to the OPD. Nasal conjunctiva was commonly involved. CCH was associated with 15 patients. Use of antiplatelet agents, hypertension and blood disorders are associated with the risk of NTSH. Patients presenting for the first time with NTSH should be screened for systemic etiological factors.
确定印度农村人口中非创伤性结膜下出血（NTSH）的发病率，并分析相关危险因素。
该研究纳入了在眼科门诊就诊且被诊断为结膜下出血（SCH）的患者。研究对象的人口统计学特征包括年龄、性别、病史和眼部病史以及出血部位。
本研究中NTSH的发病率为每年每1000名门诊患者中有3.07例。NTSH的男女比例为1.26（95%置信区间）。最常见的出血部位是鼻侧（n = 36，51.4%）。右眼（n = 37，54.3%）受累多于左眼（n = 28，40%）。分析显示，24例患者（34.3%）没有任何可归因于SCH的病因。15例患者（21.4%）与结膜松弛症（CCH）有关。7例患者（10%）的SCH与抗血小板药物有关。与SCH相关的其他因素包括高血压、白血病和贫血（n = 6，8.6%）。
本研究表明，在农村地区到门诊就诊的人群中，每年每1000人中有3人发生NTSH。鼻侧结膜最常受累。15例患者与CCH有关。使用抗血小板药物、高血压和血液疾病与NTSH风险有关。首次出现NTSH的患者应筛查全身性病因。
