Pavlidou Anastasia, Walther Sebastian
Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, Bern, Switzerland.
Front Psychol. 2021 Jan 7;11:607312. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.607312. eCollection 2020.
Movement abnormalities are prevalent across all stages of schizophrenia contributing to poor social functioning and reduced quality of life. To date, treatments are scarce, often involving pharmacological agents, but none have been shown to improve movement abnormalities effectively. Virtual reality (VR) is a tool used to simulate virtual environments where behavioral performance can be quantified safely across different tasks while exerting control over stimulus delivery, feedback and measurement in real time. Sensory information is transmitted a head mounted display allowing users to directly interact with virtual objects and bodies using gestures and body movements in the real world to perform different actions, permitting a sense of immersion in the simulated virtual environment. Although, VR has been widely used for successful motor rehabilitation in a variety of different neurological domains, none have been exploited for motor rehabilitation in schizophrenia. The objectives of this article are to review movement abnormalities specific to schizophrenia, and how VR can be utilized to restore and improve motor functioning in patients with schizophrenia. Constructing VR-mediated motor-cognitive interventions that can help in retaining and transferring the learned outcomes to real life are also discussed.
运动异常在精神分裂症的各个阶段都很普遍，这导致社会功能不佳和生活质量下降。迄今为止，治疗方法稀缺，通常涉及药物治疗，但尚无一种方法能有效改善运动异常。虚拟现实（VR）是一种用于模拟虚拟环境的工具，在该环境中，可以在不同任务中安全地量化行为表现，同时实时控制刺激传递、反馈和测量。感官信息通过头戴式显示器传输，允许用户在现实世界中使用手势和身体动作直接与虚拟物体和身体进行交互，以执行不同的动作，从而产生沉浸在模拟虚拟环境中的感觉。尽管VR已被广泛用于各种不同神经领域的成功运动康复，但尚未被用于精神分裂症的运动康复。本文的目的是回顾精神分裂症特有的运动异常，以及如何利用VR恢复和改善精神分裂症患者的运动功能。还讨论了构建VR介导的运动认知干预措施，以帮助将所学成果保留并转化到现实生活中。
