Alwusaibie Sarah A, Alsayigh Jaffar S, Alfaraj Dunya, Alomair Abdullatif M, Alsaeed Sarah A
Emergency Department, King Fahad University Hospital, Al Khobar, SAU.
Emergency Department, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, King Fahad University Hospital, Al Khobar, SAU.
Cureus. 2020 Dec 16;12(12):e12107. doi: 10.7759/cureus.12107.
Malignant pericardial sarcomatoid mesothelioma is a massively rare tumor accounting for 0.8% of all cases of mesothelioma. Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) occurs due to a partial obstruction or compression to the superior vena cava, which hinders the blood outflow to the upper body. It can be caused by an intrinsic factor such as thrombosis, or by an extrinsic factor such as tumors. Clinical presentation includes edema of the face and upper limbs, plethora, dyspnea, dysphagia, stridor and cough. we are reporting a case of a 56-year-old female, who is a known case of hypertension on angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs). Presented to the emergency department with intermittent facial swelling and dyspnea. Imaging and pathology reports confirmed the diagnosis of intermittent SVCS secondary to pericardial sarcomatoid mesothelioma with pericardial effusion. What makes our case unique is that both the etiology and the presenting complaint are rare entities, as most SVCS cases are continuously symptomatic throughout the disease course, and are usually caused by a lung cancer or lymphoma.
恶性心包肉瘤样间皮瘤是一种极为罕见的肿瘤,占所有间皮瘤病例的0.8%。上腔静脉综合征(SVCS)是由于上腔静脉部分阻塞或受压,阻碍了血液向上半身流出所致。它可由血栓形成等内在因素引起,也可由肿瘤等外在因素引起。临床表现包括面部和上肢水肿、充血、呼吸困难、吞咽困难、喘鸣和咳嗽。我们报告一例56岁女性病例,她是一名已知的使用血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(ACEIs)治疗高血压的患者。因间歇性面部肿胀和呼吸困难就诊于急诊科。影像学和病理报告证实诊断为继发于心包肉瘤样间皮瘤伴心包积液的间歇性SVCS。我们的病例独特之处在于病因和主诉均为罕见情况,因为大多数SVCS病例在整个病程中持续有症状,且通常由肺癌或淋巴瘤引起。