Yang Rong, Zhou Yuwei, Wang Yanli, Du Chengli, Wu Yihe
Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Ann Transl Med. 2020 Dec;8(24):1671. doi: 10.21037/atm-20-7841.
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States (US). The goal of this study was to characterize the trends in cancer incidence and mortality in the US from 1975 to 2016.
In this study, we analyzed 4,711,958 cancer cases and 21,489,462 cancer death cases from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. Cancer incidence and mortality were assessed according to sex, race, and age group. Cancer survival rates between 2010 and 2016 were also examined.
The continuous decline in the overall cancer mortality rate from the early 1990s has resulted in overall decreases of 33.6% and 23.6% in the cancer mortality rates of males and females, respectively. In males, the top three leading cancers and causes of cancer death from 1975 to 2016 were prostate, lung and bronchial, and colon and rectal cancers, while in females, the top three leading cancers and causes of cancer death from 1979 to 2016 were breast, lung and bronchial, and colon and rectal cancers. The 5-year relative survival rates of males and females for all cancers combined, diagnosed from 2010-2016, were 68.5% and 70.1%, respectively. The overall cancer incidence and mortality were higher in males than females from 1975-2016. Also, black people had higher mortality and shorter survival rates for all cancers combined compared with white people (in both sexes).
This study presents a comprehensive overview of cancer incidence and mortality in the US over the past 42 years. Such information can provide a scientific basis for cancer prevention and control.
癌症是美国第二大死因。本研究的目的是描述1975年至2016年美国癌症发病率和死亡率的趋势。
在本研究中，我们分析了监测、流行病学和最终结果（SEER）数据库中的4,711,958例癌症病例和21,489,462例癌症死亡病例。根据性别、种族和年龄组评估癌症发病率和死亡率。还研究了2010年至2016年的癌症生存率。
自20世纪90年代初以来，总体癌症死亡率持续下降，男性和女性的癌症死亡率分别下降了33.6%和23.6%。在男性中，1975年至2016年的三大主要癌症及癌症死亡原因是前列腺癌、肺癌和支气管癌以及结肠癌和直肠癌，而在女性中，1979年至2016年的三大主要癌症及癌症死亡原因是乳腺癌、肺癌和支气管癌以及结肠癌和直肠癌。2010 - 2016年诊断的所有癌症合并的男性和女性5年相对生存率分别为68.5%和70.1%。1975 - 2016年，男性的总体癌症发病率和死亡率高于女性。此外，与白人（男女皆是）相比，黑人所有癌症合并的死亡率更高，生存率更短。
本研究全面概述了美国过去42年的癌症发病率和死亡率。这些信息可为癌症预防和控制提供科学依据。
