2018年美国男性和女性衣原体感染及淋病的患病率和发病率估计

Estimates of the Prevalence and Incidence of Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Among US Men and Women, 2018.

作者信息

Kreisel Kristen M, Weston Emily J, St Cyr Sancta B, Spicknall Ian H

机构信息

From the Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.

出版信息

Sex Transm Dis. 2021 Apr 1;48(4):222-231. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000001382.

DOI:10.1097/OLQ.0000000000001382

PMID:33492094

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10153658/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The most recent prevalence and incidence estimates for chlamydia and gonorrhea, the 2 most reported sexually transmitted infections in the United States, were for 2008. We present updated estimates of the number of prevalent and incident chlamydial and gonococcal infections for 2018.

METHODS

We estimated chlamydial prevalence directly from the 2015 to 2018 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and chlamydial incidence using a mathematical model primarily informed by National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and case report data. Total and antimicrobial-resistant gonococcal prevalence and incidence were estimated using mathematical models primarily informed by case report and Gonococcal Isolate Surveillance Program data. Estimates were calculated for the total population, all women, and all men aged 15 to 39 years, stratified by age group. Primary estimates represent medians and uncertainty intervals represent the 25th (Q1) and 75th (Q3) percentiles of the empirical frequency distributions of prevalence and incidence for each infection.

RESULTS

Among persons aged 15 to 39 years in the United States in 2018, we estimate 2.35 (Q1, 2.20; Q3, 2.51) million prevalent and 3.98 (Q1, 3.77; Q3, 4.22) million incident chlamydial infections, and an estimated 209,000 (Q1, 183,000; Q3, 241,000) prevalent and 1.57 (Q1, 1.44; Q3, 1.72) million incident gonococcal infections. Of all gonococcal infections, there were 107,000 (Q1, 94,000; Q3, 124,000) prevalent and 804,000 (Q1, 738,000; Q3, 883,000) incident infections demonstrating antimicrobial resistance or elevated minimum inhibitory concentrations to selected antibiotics.

CONCLUSIONS

Chlamydia and gonorrhea were very common in the United States in 2018. Estimates show that more than 800,000 newly acquired gonococcal infections in 2018 demonstrated resistance or elevated minimum inhibitory concentrations to currently or previously recommended antibiotics.

摘要

背景

美国报告最多的两种性传播感染——衣原体感染和淋病感染，其最新的患病率和发病率估计数据是2008年的。我们给出了2018年衣原体和淋球菌感染的现患数和发病数的最新估计。

方法

我们直接根据2015年至2018年全国健康与营养检查调查周期的数据估算衣原体感染患病率，并使用一个主要依据全国健康与营养检查调查及病例报告数据构建的数学模型估算衣原体感染发病率。总淋球菌感染率和耐药淋球菌感染率及发病率是使用主要依据病例报告和淋球菌分离株监测项目数据构建的数学模型进行估算的。按年龄组分层，计算了总人口、所有15至39岁女性及所有男性的估计值。主要估计值为中位数，不确定区间代表每种感染患病率和发病率经验频率分布的第25百分位数（Q1）和第75百分位数（Q3）。

结果

在2018年美国15至39岁人群中，我们估计有235万（Q1，220万；Q3，251万）例衣原体现患感染和398万（Q1，377万；Q3，422万）例衣原体新发感染，以及估计20.9万（Q1，18.3万；Q3，24.1万）例淋球菌现患感染和157万（Q1，144万；Q3，172万）例淋球菌新发感染。在所有淋球菌感染中，有10.7万（Q1，9.4万；Q3，12.4万）例现患感染和80.4万（Q1，73.8万；Q3，88.3万）例新发感染表现出对某些选定抗生素的耐药性或最低抑菌浓度升高。