Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8116, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8116, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2021 Mar;35(1):219-236. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2020.10.005.
Animal and human bite injuries are a public health burden. Dog bites outnumber cat bites, but cat bites pose the greatest risk for infection. Skin and soft tissue infections are the most frequent infectious manifestations resulting from bite injury, although invasive infection may occur through direct inoculation or dissemination through the bloodstream. Although contemporary, well-designed trials are needed to inform clinical practice, preemptive antibiotic therapy after a bite injury is warranted for injuries posing high risk for infection and for patients at risk of developing severe infection; antibiotics should target aerobic and anaerobic microbes that comprise the oral and skin flora.
动物和人类咬伤是一种公共卫生负担。狗咬伤比猫咬伤更为常见，但猫咬伤感染的风险最大。皮肤和软组织感染是最常见的感染表现，咬伤后会发生，尽管侵袭性感染也可能通过直接接种或通过血液传播而发生。尽管需要进行当代、精心设计的试验来为临床实践提供信息，但对于存在高感染风险和发生严重感染风险的患者，咬伤后应预防性使用抗生素治疗；抗生素应针对口腔和皮肤菌群中的需氧菌和厌氧菌。
