Wang Ling-Yan, Xia Gui-Yang, Xia Huan, Wang Ya-Nan, Wei Xiao-Hong, Tian Gui-Hua, Lin Sheng
State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines,Institute of Materia Medica,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100050,China.
Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing,Dongzhimen Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100700,China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2020 Dec;45(24):5829-5839. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200909.201.
Pain is a protective defense response of the body to harmful stimuli. Long-term pain not only seriously affects the body of the patient and brings great pain to the patient, but also brings huge economic burden to the patient's family and society. It has become one of the most serious problems affecting human health. At present, opioids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs) are commonly used as painkillers, but they tend to cause a variety of adverse reactions or risk of addiction. To find and develop new analgesic drugs, which are safer and more effective, has become the hot spot and difficulty in medical research. A variety of alkaloids derived from terrestrial plants, microorganisms, marine organisms and fungi have been an important source of clinical analgesic medicines. Various alkaloids have been proved to have good analgesic effects, such as morphine and the related to opioids, the main analgesic active components from Corydalis Rhizoma and Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata. Here we summarized the research progress of natural alkaloids with analgesic activity, in order to provide reference for the research and development of analgesic drugs based on natural products.
疼痛是机体对有害刺激的一种保护性防御反应。长期疼痛不仅严重影响患者的身体，给患者带来巨大痛苦，还会给患者家庭和社会带来巨大经济负担。它已成为影响人类健康的最严重问题之一。目前，阿片类药物和非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs）是常用的止痛药，但它们往往会引起各种不良反应或成瘾风险。寻找和开发更安全、更有效的新型镇痛药已成为医学研究的热点和难点。来源于陆生植物、微生物、海洋生物和真菌的多种生物碱一直是临床镇痛药的重要来源。各种生物碱已被证明具有良好的镇痛作用，如吗啡及与阿片类药物相关的物质、延胡索和附子的主要镇痛活性成分。在此，我们总结了具有镇痛活性的天然生物碱的研究进展，以期为基于天然产物的镇痛药研发提供参考。
